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Table 1. Summary of model parameters and results. The first column shows the input amplitudes of the surface fluctuation. The second column presents the maximum temperatures in the simulation regions. The third column shows proton number density at 1 AU, which is calculated from np at the outer boundary of the simulation by assuming the conservation of the mass flux (npvr2f = const.) with constant speed from 0.1 AU to 1 AU. The fourth column shows the solar wind speeds at 0.1 AU (≃the outer boundary of the simulation region). The fifth column shows mass flux of the solar wind at 1 AU, which is the product of the third and fourth columns.

From: Solar wind and its evolution

〈dv⊥〉

T max

n p,1 AU

v 0.1 AU

(npv)1 AU

1.4 (km/s)

1.2 × 106 (K)

50 (cm−3)

500 (km/s)

2.5 × 109 (cm−2 s−1)

0.7 (km/s)

1.0 × 106 (K)

5 (cm−3)

550 (km/s)

2.8 × 108 (cm−2 s−1)

0.4 (km/s)

0.5 × 106 (K)

0.05 (cm−3)

1200 (km/s)

6 × 106 (cm−2 s−1)