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Fig. 2. | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 2.

From: Near-field tsunami forecasting using offshore tsunami data from the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake

Fig. 2.

Result of a retrospective tFISH tsunami forecast 20 min after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. Comparison of observed (black lines) and calculated (red lines) waveforms at (a) four OBPGs and (b) five GPS buoys. The waveforms in the unshaded areas of each panel were used in the inversion. (c) Distribution of the initial sea-surface height estimated by tsunami-waveform inversion. The star indicates the earthquake epicenter used as the damping constraint in the inversion. The areas shaded gray are outside the influence area. The contour interval is 1 m. Comparison of observed (black lines) and forecasted (red lines) tsunami waveforms at coastal tide-gauge stations in (d) northern Tohoku and (e) Hokkaido. Vertical green lines in (a), (b), (d) and (e) indicate the time of the forecast.

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