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Fig. 2. | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 2.

From: 26 December 2004 tsunami deposits left in areas of various tsunami run up in coastal zone of Thailand

Fig. 2.

Examples of IOT deposits. For locations see Fig. 1. (A) Example of 42-cm thick deposits with erosional basal contact. The deposits are composed of two units. The lower (28-cm thick) is densely laminated, moderately sorted coarse sand. The upper unit shows normally graded, poorly sorted sediments from coarse to very fine sand. (B) A 35-cm thick layer of tsunami deposits composed of very coarse sand with pieces of corals (up to 10 cm). The uppermost 10 cm consists of coarse sand. The deposits cover former soil with still preserved bent grass. (C) Example of a 2-cm thick tsunami deposit layer composed of poorly sorted medium sand conformably covering the former soil. (D) Example of 30-cm thick tsunami deposits with lower erosional contact, composed of approximately 15 cm of massive coarse sand covered with a layer of densely laminated medium sand. (E) Deposition on the lee side of an obstacle (tree). The 10-m long ridge behind the tree was primarily a result of scouring and succeeding deposition, producing two normally graded layers composed of coarse to very fine sand up to 15-cm thick. (F) Circular hollows in the tsunami deposits with small ripples inside indicating rotational flow. The hollows are in a row and were possibly created by a moving vortex. The first hollow is in a 16-cm thick tsunami deposit layer composed of well-sorted, massive fine sand. The lower contact is conformable. The white cover is due to salt crust. (G) Example of an 18-cm thick layer of moderately sorted, very fine sand with preserved current ripples at the surface (landward flow direction is marked with arrow).

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