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7. Planetary science

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  1. The surfaces of the Martian moons, Phobos and Deimos may offer a stable environment for long-term operation of platforms. We present a broad assessment of potential scientific investigations, as well as strate...

    Authors: Elliot Sefton-Nash, Guillaume Thébault, Olivier Witasse, Detlef Koschny, Beatriz Sánchez-Cano and Alejandro Cardesín-Moinelo
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:215
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  2. The mothership of the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) will perform the first landing and sampling on the surface of Phobos. For the safe landing, the 2.1-m-wide mothership of the MMX should find a smooth surfa...

    Authors: Tomohiro Takemura, Hideaki Miyamoto, Ryodo Hemmi, Takafumi Niihara and Patrick Michel
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:213
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  3. The MMX infrared spectrometer (MIRS) is an imaging spectrometer onboard MMX JAXA mission. MMX (Martian Moon eXploration) is scheduled to be launched in 2024 with sample return to Earth in 2029. MIRS is built a...

    Authors: Maria Antonietta Barucci, Jean-Michel Reess, Pernelle Bernardi, Alain Doressoundiram, Sonia Fornasier, Michel Le Du, Takahiro Iwata, Hiromu Nakagawa, Tomoki Nakamura, Yves André, Shohei Aoki, Takehiko Arai, Elisa Baldit, Pierre Beck, Jean-Tristan Buey, Elisabet Canalias…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:211
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  4. Oxygen is a potential biosignature for terrestrial Earth-like planets. The primary source of oxygen on Earth is oxygenic photosynthesis, which may be limited by the supply of riverine phosphorus. Therefore, ph...

    Authors: Yasuto Watanabe and Eiichi Tajika
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:188
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  5. In this paper, we carried out a series of linear analyses on the onset of thermal convection of highly compressible fluids whose physical properties strongly vary in space in convecting vessels either of a thr...

    Authors: Masanori Kameyama
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:167
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  6. Ringwoodite and wadsleyite are the high-pressure polymorphs of olivine, which are common in shocked meteorites. They are the major constituent minerals in the terrestrial mantle. NWA 8705, an olivine-phyric sh...

    Authors: Ting Zhang, Sen Hu, Nian Wang, Yangting Lin, Lixin Gu, Xu Tang, Xinyu Zou and Mingming Zhang
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:165
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  7. Newly analysed titanomagnetite–ilmenite (Tim–Ilm) intergrowths from Martian nakhlite meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 5790 yielded crystallisation temperature up to 1032 °C and oxygen fugacity (fO2) up to ΔQFM + ...

    Authors: Zilong Wang, Wei Tian and Yankun Di
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:164
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  8. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) will launch a spacecraft in 2024 for a sample return mission from Phobos (Martian Moons eXploration: MMX). Touchdown operations are planned to be performed twice at di...

    Authors: Wataru Fujiya, Yoshihiro Furukawa, Haruna Sugahara, Mizuho Koike, Ken-ichi Bajo, Nancy L. Chabot, Yayoi N. Miura, Frederic Moynier, Sara S. Russell, Shogo Tachibana, Yoshinori Takano, Tomohiro Usui and Michael E. Zolensky
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:120
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  10. The Martian Moons Exploration (MMX) spacecraft is a JAXA mission to Mars and its moons Phobos and Deimos. MMX will be equipped with the Circum-Martian Dust Monitor (CMDM) which is a newly developed light-weight (

    Authors: Harald Krüger, Masanori Kobayashi, Peter Strub, Georg-Moragas Klostermeyer, Maximilian Sommer, Hiroshi Kimura, Eberhard Grün and Ralf Srama
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:93
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  11. In the radargram obtained by the high-frequency lunar penetrating radar onboard the Chang’E-3 mission, we notice a potential subsurface cavity that has a smaller permittivity compared to the surrounding materi...

    Authors: Chunyu Ding, Zhiyong Xiao and Yan Su
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:53
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  12. In this study, we determined the alignment of the laser altimeter aboard Hayabusa2 with respect to the spacecraft using in-flight data. Since the laser altimeter data were used to estimate the trajectory of th...

    Authors: Hirotomo Noda, Hiroki Senshu, Koji Matsumoto, Noriyuki Namiki, Takahide Mizuno, Seiji Sugita, Shinsuke Abe, Hiroshi Araki, Kazuyoshi Asari, Yuichiro Cho, Atsushi Fujii, Masahiko Hayakawa, Arika Higuchi, Naoyuki Hirata, Naru Hirata, Chikatoshi Honda…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:21
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  13. Early evolution of Solar System small bodies proceeded through interactions of mineral and water. Melting of water ice accreted with mineral particles to the parent body results in the formation of secondary m...

    Authors: Naoki Hirakawa, Yoko Kebukawa, Yoshihiro Furukawa, Masashi Kondo, Hideyuki Nakano and Kensei Kobayashi
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:16
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  14. A 6 degrees-of-freedom (6DoF) sensor, measuring three components of translational acceleration and three components of rotation rate, provides the full history of motion it is exposed to. In Earth sciences 6Do...

    Authors: Felix Bernauer, Raphael F. Garcia, Naomi Murdoch, Veronique Dehant, David Sollberger, Cedric Schmelzbach, Simon Stähler, Joachim Wassermann, Heiner Igel, Alexandre Cadu, David Mimoun, Birgit Ritter, Valerio Filice, Özgür Karatekin, Luigi Ferraioli, Johan O. A. Robertsson…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:191
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  15. Site-dependent bulk permittivities of the lunar uppermost media with thicknesses of tens to hundreds meters were estimated based on the data from Lunar Radar Sounder onboard the Selenological and Engineering E...

    Authors: Keigo Hongo, Hiroaki Toh and Atsushi Kumamoto
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:137
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:55

  16. We developed universal sample holders [the Kochi grid, Kochi clamp, and Okazaki cell) and a transfer vessel (facility-to-facility transfer container (FFTC)] to analyze sensitive and fragile samples, such as ex...

    Authors: Motoo Ito, Naotaka Tomioka, Kentaro Uesugi, Masayuki Uesugi, Yu Kodama, Ikuya Sakurai, Ikuo Okada, Takuji Ohigashi, Hayato Yuzawa, Akira Yamaguchi, Naoya Imae, Yuzuru Karouji, Naoki Shirai, Toru Yada and Masanao Abe
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:133
    Content type: Technical report Published on:

  17. We report a chemical assessment of the explosive chamber in the projector system used during the sampling operation of the Hayabusa2 project at the surface of the C-type asteroid Ryugu. Although the explosion ...

    Authors: Yoshinori Takano, Keita Yamada, Chisato Okamoto, Hirotaka Sawada, Ryuji Okazaki, Kanako Sakamoto, Yoko Kebukawa, Kento Kiryu, Takazo Shibuya, Motoko Igisu, Hajime Yano and Shogo Tachibana
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:97
    Content type: Technical report Published on:

  18. The precise orbit of the Hayabusa2 spacecraft with respect to asteroid Ryugu is dynamically determined using the data sets collected by the spacecraft’s onboard laser altimeter (LIght Detection And Ranging, LI...

    Authors: Keiko Yamamoto, Toshimichi Otsubo, Koji Matsumoto, Hirotomo Noda, Noriyuki Namiki, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Hitoshi Ikeda, Makoto Yoshikawa, Yukio Yamamoto, Hiroki Senshu, Takahide Mizuno, Naru Hirata, Ryuhei Yamada, Yoshiaki Ishihara, Hiroshi Araki, Shinsuke Abe…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:85
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  19. We evaluated a method for retrieving vertical temperature and Doppler wind velocity profiles of the Venusian nightside mesosphere from the CO2 absorption line resolved by mid-infrared heterodyne spectroscopy. The...

    Authors: Kosuke Takami, Hiromu Nakagawa, Hideo Sagawa, Pia Krause, Isao Murata, Yasumasa Kasaba, Takeshi Kuroda, Shohei Aoki, Toru Kouyama, Theodor Kostiuk, Timothy A. Livengood and Gabriella Gilli
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:60
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  21. The reason for stationary gravity waves at Venus’ cloud top to appear mostly at low latitudes in the afternoon is not understood. Since a neutral layer exists in the lower part of the cloud layer, the waves sh...

    Authors: Takeru Yamada, Takeshi Imamura, Tetsuya Fukuhara and Makoto Taguchi
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:123
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  22. Sub-Jupiter classed circumbinary planets discovered in close-in binary systems have orbits just beyond the dynamically unstable region, which is determined by the eccentricity and mass ratio of the host binary...

    Authors: Akihiro Yamanaka and Takanori Sasaki
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:82
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  23. The winonaites are primitive achondrites that are associated with IAB iron meteorites. They provide valuable insights into differentiation processes on asteroids in the early Solar System. However, there is st...

    Authors: Xiaojia Zeng, Yingli Shang, Shijie Li, Xiongyao Li, Shijie Wang and Yang Li
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:38
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  24. Results from the first VHF profiler research radar in Costa Rica, operating at a central radar frequency of 46.6 MHz, are presented. Emphasis has been on studies of scattering layers detected in the altitude r...

    Authors: Marcial Garbanzo-Salas and Wayne Hocking
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:6
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  26. The Hayabusa2 mission aims to obtain pristine samples from a near-Earth carbonaceous-type (C-type) asteroid, 162173 Ryugu, and return them to Earth. One of the scientific goals of the mission is to understand ...

    Authors: Haruna Sugahara, Yoshinori Takano, Yuzuru Karouji, Kazuya Kumagai, Toru Yada, Naohiko Ohkouchi and Masanao Abe
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:194
    Content type: Technical report Published on:

  27. There are growing demands for integrated study of isotopes, trace elements and crystallography of micron-sized grains observed on polished sections or scattered on surface of sample holders. However, transmiss...

    Authors: Yuchen Xu, Lixin Gu, Yang Li, Bing Mo and Yangting Lin
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:150
    Content type: Technical report Published on:

  29. The existence of lightning discharges in the Venus atmosphere has been controversial for more than 30 years, with many positive and negative reports published. The lightning and airglow camera (LAC) onboard th...

    Authors: Yukihiro Takahashi, Mitsuteru Sato, Masataka Imai, Ralph Lorenz, Yoav Yair, Karen Aplin, Georg Fischer, Masato Nakamura, Nobuaki Ishii, Takumi Abe, Takehiko Satoh, Takeshi Imamura, Chikako Hirose, Makoto Suzuki, George L. Hashimoto, Naru Hirata…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:88
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  30. We measured the abundances of Sr and rare earth elements (REEs) in the matrices of five CV3 carbonaceous chondrites: Meteorite Hills (MET) 00430, MET 01070, La Paz ice field (LAP) 02206, Asuka (A) 881317 and R...

    Authors: Kaori Jogo, Motoo Ito, Tomoki Nakamura, Sachio Kobayashi and Jong Ik Lee
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:37
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  31. Since insertion into orbit on December 7, 2015, the Akatsuki orbiter has returned global images of Venus from its four imaging cameras at eleven discrete wavelengths from ultraviolet (283 and 365 nm) and near ...

    Authors: Sanjay S. Limaye, Shigeto Watanabe, Atsushi Yamazaki, Manabu Yamada, Takehiko Satoh, Takao M. Sato, Masato Nakamura, Makoto Taguchi, Tetsuya Fukuhara, Takeshi Imamura, Toru Kouyama, Yeon Joo Lee, Takeshi Horinouchi, Javier Peralta, Naomoto Iwagami, George L. Hashimoto…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:24
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  32. Venus is covered with thick clouds. Ultraviolet (UV) images at 0.3–0.4 microns show detailed cloud features at the cloud-top level at about 70 km, which are created by an unknown UV-absorbing substance. Images...

    Authors: Takeshi Horinouchi, Toru Kouyama, Yeon Joo Lee, Shin-ya Murakami, Kazunori Ogohara, Masahiro Takagi, Takeshi Imamura, Kensuke Nakajima, Javier Peralta, Atsushi Yamazaki, Manabu Yamada and Shigeto Watanabe
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:10
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  33. The status and initial products of the 1-μm camera onboard the Akatsuki mission to Venus are presented. After the successful retrial of Venus’ orbit insertion on Dec. 2015 (5 years after the failure in Dec. 20...

    Authors: Naomoto Iwagami, Takeshi Sakanoi, George L. Hashimoto, Kenta Sawai, Shoko Ohtsuki, Seiko Takagi, Kazunori Uemizu, Munetaka Ueno, Shingo Kameda, Shin-ya Murakami, Masato Nakamura, Nobuaki Ishii, Takumi Abe, Takehiko Satoh, Takeshi Imamura, Chikako Hirose…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:6
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  34. We performed two axial deformation experiments on synthetic polycrystalline anorthite samples with a grain size of ~ 3 μm and 5 vol% Si–Al-rich glass at 900 °C, a confining pressure of 1.0 GPa, and a strain ra...

    Authors: Jun-ichi Fukuda, Jun Muto and Hiroyuki Nagahama
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:3
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  35. We present a meteor observation system based on imaging CCD cameras, wide-field optics and a diffraction grating. This system is composed of two independent spectrographs with different configurations, which a...

    Authors: Francisco Ángel Espartero, Germán Martínez, Marta Frías, Francisco Simón Montes Moya and Alberto Javier Castro-Tirado
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:2
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  36. We provide an overview of data products from observations by the Japanese Venus Climate Orbiter, Akatsuki, and describe the definition and content of each data-processing level. Levels 1 and 2 consist of non-c...

    Authors: Kazunori Ogohara, Masahiro Takagi, Shin-ya Murakami, Takeshi Horinouchi, Manabu Yamada, Toru Kouyama, George L. Hashimoto, Takeshi Imamura, Yukio Yamamoto, Hiroki Kashimura, Naru Hirata, Naoki Sato, Atsushi Yamazaki, Takehiko Satoh, Naomoto Iwagami, Makoto Taguchi…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:167
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  38. The first year (December 2015 to November 2016) of IR2 after Akatsuki’s successful insertion to an elongated elliptical orbit around Venus is reported with performance evaluation and results of data acquisitio...

    Authors: Takehiko Satoh, Takao M. Sato, Masato Nakamura, Yasumasa Kasaba, Munetaka Ueno, Makoto Suzuki, George L. Hashimoto, Takeshi Horinouchi, Takeshi Imamura, Atsushi Yamazaki, Takayuki Enomoto, Yuri Sakurai, Kosuke Takami, Kenta Sawai, Takashi Nakakushi, Takumi Abe…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:154
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  39. The Venus Climate Orbiter Akatsuki arrived at Venus in December 2015, and the Longwave Infrared Camera (LIR) onboard the spacecraft started making observations. LIR has acquired more than 8000 images during th...

    Authors: Tetsuya Fukuhara, Makoto Taguchi, Takeshi Imamura, Akane Hayashitani, Takeru Yamada, Masahiko Futaguchi, Toru Kouyama, Takao M. Sato, Mao Takamura, Naomoto Iwagami, Masato Nakamura, Makoto Suzuki, Munetaka Ueno, George L. Hashimoto, Mitsuteru Sato, Seiko Takagi…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:141
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  40. After the arrival of Akatsuki spacecraft of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency at Venus in December 2015, the radio occultation experiment, termed RS (Radio Science), obtained 19 vertical profiles of the Venus...

    Authors: Takeshi Imamura, Hiroki Ando, Silvia Tellmann, Martin Pätzold, Bernd Häusler, Atsushi Yamazaki, Takao M. Sato, Katsuyuki Noguchi, Yoshifumi Futaana, Janusz Oschlisniok, Sanjay Limaye, R. K. Choudhary, Yasuhiro Murata, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Chikako Hirose, Tsutomu Ichikawa…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:137
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  41. We conducted ground-based performance evaluation tests of the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) onboard Hayabusa2 spacecraft in November 2013 and from April to May 2014 and established a method for evaluating...

    Authors: Moe Matsuoka, Tomoki Nakamura, Takahito Osawa, Takahiro Iwata, Kohei Kitazato, Masanao Abe, Yusuke Nakauchi, Takehiko Arai, Mutsumi Komatsu, Takahiro Hiroi, Naoya Imae, Akira Yamaguchi and Hideyasu Kojima
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:120
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  42. Jupiter’s moon Io, which orbits deep inside the magnetosphere, is the most geologically active object in the solar system. Kurdalagon Patera, a volcano on Io, erupted in 2015 and became a substantial source of...

    Authors: Ichiro Yoshikawa, Fumiharu Suzuki, Reina Hikida, Kazuo Yoshioka, Go Murakami, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Chihiro Tao, Atsushi Yamazaki, Tomoki Kimura, Hajime Kita, Hiromasa Nozawa and Masaki Fujimoto
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:110
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  45. Optical and infrared remote sensing may provide first-order clues for the identification of potential impact structures on the Earth. Despite the free availability of at least optical image data at highest res...

    Authors: Stephan van Gasselt, Jung Rack Kim, Yun-Soo Choi and Jaemyeong Kim
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:35
    Content type: Letter Published on:

  47. The evolution of Mars has been greatly influenced by temporal changes in its rheological structure, which may explain the difference in tectonics between Mars and Earth. Some previous studies have shown the rh...

    Authors: Shintaro Azuma and Ikuo Katayama
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:8
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  48. We report results of a laser link experiment between a laser altimeter called light detection and ranging (LIDAR) aboard Hayabusa2 and ground-based satellite laser ranging stations conducted when the spacecraf...

    Authors: Hirotomo Noda, Hiroo Kunimori, Takahide Mizuno, Hiroki Senshu, Naoko Ogawa, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Chris Moore, Alex Pollard, Tomohiro Yamaguchi, Noriyuki Namiki, Teiji Kase, Takanao Saiki and Yuichi Tsuda
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:2
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  49. The formation ages of tectonic structures and their spatial distributions were studied in the northwestern Imbrium and Sinus Iridum regions using images obtained by Terrain Camera and Multiband Imager on board...

    Authors: Yuko Daket, Atsushi Yamaji, Katsushi Sato, Junichi Haruyama, Tomokatsu Morota, Makiko Ohtake and Tsuneo Matsunaga
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2016 68:157
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  50. The last decades have seen a large number of missions targeting small bodies in the solar system. NASA, ESA and JAXA sent missions to different solar system small bodies (SSSB), and the Japan mission Hayabusa ...

    Authors: Alessandro Maturilli, Jörn Helbert, Sabrina Ferrari, Björn Davidsson and Mario D’Amore
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2016 68:113
    Content type: Letter Published on:
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