Asano, S., S. Kubota, H. Okada, M. Nogoshi, H. Suzuki, K. Ichikawa, and H. Watanabe, Explosion seismic studies of the underground structure in the Matsushiro Earthquake swarm area, J. Phys. Earth, 17, 77–90, 1969.
Article
Google Scholar
Bina, C. R., Mantle discontinuities, Rev. Geophys., 29, 783–793, 1991.
Google Scholar
Brudzinski, M. R., W.-P. Chen, R. L. Nowack, and B.-S. Huang, Variation of P wave speeds in the mantle transition zone beneath the northern Philippine Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 11,815–11,827, 1997.
Article
Google Scholar
Erdögan, N. and R. L. Nowack, Slant-stack velocity analysis for one-dimensional upper mantle structure using short-period data from MAJO, PureAppl. Geophys., 141, 1–24, 1993.
Article
Google Scholar
Fukao, Y., Upper mantle P structure on the ocean side of the Japan-Kurile arc, Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 50, 621–642, 1977.
Article
Google Scholar
Fukao, Y., M. Obayashi, H. Inoue, and M. Nenbai, Subducting slabs in the mantle transition zone, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 4809–4822, 1992.
Article
Google Scholar
Gaherty, J. B., T. H. Jordan, and L. S. Gee, Depth extent of polarization anisotropy in western Pacific upper mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 22,291–22,309, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Gaherty, J. B., M. Kato, and T. H. Jordan, Seismological structure of the upper mantle: a regional comparison of seismic layering, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 110, 21–41, 1999.
Article
Google Scholar
Hamada, K, Re-examination of travel time tables for local earthquakes, Pap. Meteorol. Geophys., 35, 109–167, 1984 (in Japanese with English abstract).
Article
Google Scholar
Hirth, G. and D. L. Kohlstedt, Water in the oceanic upper mantle: Implication for rheology, melt extraction, and the evolution of the lithosphere, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 144, 93–108, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Inatani, H. and K. Kurita, Upper mantle velocity structure beneath the Ryukyu-Taiwan arc, Zisin, II, 33, 37–49, 1980 (in Japanese with English abstract).
Google Scholar
Ita, J. and L. Stixrude, Petrology, elasticity, and composition of the mantle transition zone, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 6849–6866, 1992.
Article
Google Scholar
Kanamori, H., Upper mantle structure from apparent velocities of P wave recorded at Wakayama Microearthquake Observatory, Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., Univ. Tokyo, 45, 657–678, 1967.
Google Scholar
Karato, S.-I., Effect of water on seismic wave velocities in the upper mantle, Proc. Japan Academy, 71, Ser. B, 61–66, 1995.
Article
Google Scholar
Kato, M. and T. H. Jordan, Seismic structure of the upper mantle beneath the western Philippine Sea, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 110, 263–283, 1999.
Article
Google Scholar
Kato, M., I. Nakanishi, and H. Takayama, Isolation of local site characteristics from teleseismic short-period recordings at Matsushiro Seismic Array System, Bull. Seis. Soc. Am., 2000 (submitted).
Katzman, R., L. Zhao, and T. H. Jordan, High-resolution, two-dimensional vertical tomography of the central Pacific mantle using ScS reverberations and frequency-dependent travel times, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 17,933–17,971, 1998.
Article
Google Scholar
Kishimoto, Y., Seismometric investigation of the earth’s interior, Part 3. On the structure of the earth’s mantle (I), Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Univ., Ser. A., 28, 117–142, 1956.
Google Scholar
Maki, T., S. Kashiwabara, Y. Osada, M. Nishiwaki, T. Kakishita, and S. Nagare, Determination of apparent velocities and azimuths of distant earthquakes by the Matsushiro Seismic Array System —Effect of dipping structure of the crust and near-surface—, Tech. Rep. Seis. Obs., Japan Meteorol. Agency, 8, 1–21, 1987 (in Japanese with English abstract).
Google Scholar
Nagai, A. and S. Kashiwabara, Underground structure under the Matsushiro Seismic Array System, Tech. Rep. Seis. Obs., Japan Meteorol. Agency, 6, 54–60, 1985 (in Japanese with English abstract).
Google Scholar
Niazi, M. and D. Anderson, Upper mantle structure of the earth’s upper mantle from apparent velocities ofP waves, J. Geophys. Res., 70, 4622–4640, 1965.
Google Scholar
Nolet, G., S. P. Grand, and B. L. N. Kennett, Seismic heterogeneity in the upper mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 23,753–23,766, 1994.
Article
Google Scholar
Nowack, R. L., E. Ay, W.-P. Chen, and B.-S. Huang, A seismic profile of the upper mantle along the southwestern edge of the Philippine Sea plate using short-period array data, Geophys. J. Int., 136, 171–179, 1999.
Article
Google Scholar
Ohtaki, T. and S. Kaneshima, Continuous high velocity aseismic zone beneath the Izu-Bonin Arc, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1–4, 1994.
Article
Google Scholar
Okino, K., M. Ando, S. Kaneshima, and K. Hirahara, The horizontally lying slab, Geophys. Res. Lett., 16, 1059–1062, 1989.
Article
Google Scholar
Osada, Y., S. Kashiwabara, A. Nagai, H. Takayama, S. Wakui, I. Morishita, and Y. Tanaka, Matsushiro Seismic Array System (I)—Outline and hypocenter determination of near earthquakes, Tech. Rep. Seis. Obs., Japan Meteorol. Agency, 5, 13–31, 1984 (in Japanese with English abstract).
Google Scholar
Ringwood, A. E., Composition and petrology of the Earth’s mantle, 604 pp., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1975.
Google Scholar
Sato, H., I. S. Sacks, and T. Murase, The use of laboratory velocity data for estimating temperature and partial melt fraction in the low-velocity zone: Comparison with heat flow and electrical conductivity studies, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 5689–5704, 1989.
Article
Google Scholar
Stark, P. B. and R. L. Parker, Velocity bounds from statistical estimates of τ (p) and X(p), J. Geophys. Res., 92, 2713–2719, 1987.
Article
Google Scholar
Su, W.-J., R. L. Woodward, and A. M. Dziewonski, Degree 12 model of shear velocity heterogeneity in the mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 6945–6980, 1994.
Article
Google Scholar
Suetsugu, D. and I. Nakanishi, Three-dimensional velocity map of the upper mantle beneath the Pacific Ocean as determined from Rayleigh wave dispersion, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 47, 205–229, 1987.
Article
Google Scholar
Sugiyama, T. and I. Nakanishi, Upper mantle P-wave structure of the northwestern rim of the Pacific Ocean, Progr. Abs. Seismo. Soc. Japan, 1, 204, 1989 (in Japanese).
Google Scholar
Sugiyama, T. and I. Nakanishi, Upper mantle P-wave structure of the northwestern rim of the Pacific Ocean, Mem. Fac. Sci., Kyoto Univ., Ser. phys. astrophys. geophys. chem, 1999 (submitted).
Tajima, F. and S. P. Grand, Evidence of high velocity anomalies in the transition zone associated with southern Kurile subduction zone, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 3139–3142, 1995.
Article
Google Scholar
Tajima, F. and S. P. Grand, Variation of transition zone high-velocity anomalies and depression of 660 km discontinuity associated with subduction zones from the southern Kuriles to Izu-Bonin and Ryukyu, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 15,015–15,036, 1998.
Article
Google Scholar
Turcotte, D. L. and G. Schubert, Geodynamics: applications of continuum physics to geological problems, 450 pp., John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1982.
Google Scholar
van der Hilst, R. D., R. Engdahl, W. Spakman, and G. Nolet, Tomographic imaging of subducted lithosphere below northwest Pacific island arcs, Nature, 353, 37–43, 1991.
Article
Google Scholar
van der Hilst, R. D. and T. Seno, Effect of relative plate motion on the deep structure and penetration depth of slabs below the Izu-Bonin and Mariana islands arc, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 120, 395–407, 1993.
Article
Google Scholar
Walck, M. C., The P-wave upper mantle structure beneath an active spreading centre: The Gulf of California, Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 76, 697–723, 1984.
Article
Google Scholar
Walck, M. C., The P-wave upper mantle structure beneath the northwest Pacific rim: A comparison with the Gulf of California. Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 81, 243–276, 1985.
Article
Google Scholar
Wessel, P. and W. H. F. Smith, New version of the Generic Mapping Tools released, Eos Trans. AGU, 76, 329, 1995.
Article
Google Scholar
Yamazaki, A. and K. Hirahara, The upper-mantle P-wave velocity structure beneath the Northern Japan Arc, as inferred from J-Array data, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 713–728, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Yamazaki, A., K. Hirahara, and T. Shibutani, Waveform station anomaly —Definition and example for J-Array stations—, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 675–685, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar