Skip to main content
  • Article
  • Published:

In situ observations of low-density regions inside the plasmasphere

Abstract

Thermal plasma measurements performed on MAGION 5 (subsatellite of INTERBALL 1) in the plasmasphere of the Earth are analyzed in conjunction with simultaneous solar wind data and ground-based ionospheric measurements in quiet geomagnetic conditions, during and after geomagnetic storms. In situ satellite observations reveal the existence of long-lived (2–3 days) depleted regions (MLT width 1.5–2 hours) in the plasmasphere that extend out from L 3. These observations well correspond to ‘notch’ or ‘bite-out’ regions found by the IMAGE spacecraft. Possible reasons for the formation of low-density regions are discussed.

References

  • Bezrukikh, V. V., N. A. Barabanov, Yu. I. Venediktov, V. I. Zhdanov, V. I. Ivchenko, G. A. Kotova, L. A. Lezhen, S. A. Orzhinsky, and V. I. Prokhorenko, Investigation of low-energy plasma in the Earth’s magne-tosphere on board the Tail and Auroral probes: Instrumentation and preliminary results, Cosmic Research, 36, 30–38, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, D. L. and R. R. Anderson, An ISEE/whistler model of equatorial electron density in the magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 1097–1108, 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, D. L. and C. R. Chappell, Satellite studies of magnetospheric substorms on August 15, 1968, 3. Some features of magnetospheric convection, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 3062–3067, 1973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, D. L. and C. G. Park, On what ionospheric workers should know about the plasmapause-plasmasphere, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 11(1), 133–154, 1973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, D. L., K. Stone, J. Siren, and T. L. Crystal, Magnetospheric electric fields deduced from drifting whistler paths, J. Geophys. Res., 77, 1219, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, D. L., R. R. Anderson, W. Calvert, and M. B. Moldwin, CRRES observations of density cavities inside the plasmasphere, J. Geophys. Res., 105(A10), 23323–23338, 2000.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chappell, C. R., Detached plasma regions in the magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 79, 1861–1870, 1974.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, A. J. and J. M. Grebowsky, Plasma tail interpretations of pronounced detached plasma regions measured by OGO 5, J. Geophys. Res., 79(25), 3851–3855, 1974.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Green, J. L., B. R. Sandel, S. F. Fung, D. L. Gallagher, and B. W. Reinisch, On the origin of kilometric continuum, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A7), 10.1029/2001JA000193, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Higel, B. and L. Wu, Electron density and plasmapause characteristics at 6.6 RE: a statistical study of the GEOS 2 relaxation sounder data, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 1583–1601, 1984.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Horwitz, J. L., R. H. Comfort, and C. R. Chappell, A statistical characterization of plasmasphere density structure and boundary locations, J. Geophys. Res., 95(A6), 7937–7947, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kotova, G. A., V. V. Bezrukikh, M. I. Verigin, L. A. Lezhen, N. A. Barabanov, Interball 1 / alpha 3 cold plasma measurements in the evening plasmasphere: Quiet and disturbed magnetic conditions, Adv. Space Res., 30(10), 2313–2318, 2002a.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kotova, G. A., V. V. Bezrukikh, M. I. Verigin, and L. A. Lezhen, Temperature and density variations in the dusk and dawn plsmasphere as observed by INTERBALL TAIL in 1999-2000, Adv. Space Res., 30(7), 1831–1834, 2002b.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lemaire, J. F, The formation of plasmaspheric tails, Phys. Chem. Earth (C), 25(1-2), 9–17, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemaire, J. F and K. I. Gringauz with contribution from D. L. Carpenter and V. Bassolo, The Earth’s Plasmasphere, Cambridge University Press, 1998.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • McIlwain, C. E., A Kp dependent equatorial electric field model, The physics of thermal plasma in the magnetosphere, Adv. Space Res., 6(3), 187–197, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moldwin, M. B., L. Downward, H. K. Rassoul, R. Amin, R. R. Anderson, A new model of the location of the plasmapause: CRRES results, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A11), 1339, doi:10.1029/2001JA009211, 2002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pierrard, V. and J. F Lemaire, Development of shoulders and plumes in the frame of the interchange instability mechanism for plasmapause formation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31(5), L05809, 10.1029/2003GL018919, 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sandel, B. R., R. A. King, W. T. Forrester, D. L. Gallagher, A. L. Broadfoot, and C. C. Curtis, Initial results from the IMAGE Extreme Ultraviolet Imager, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28(8), 1439–1442, 2001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sandel, B. R., J. Goldstein, D. L. Gallagher, and M. Spasojevic, Extreme ultraviolet imager observations of the structure and dynamics of the plasmasphere, Space Sci. Rev., 109, 25–46, 2003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. Kotova.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kotova, G., Bezrukikh, V., Verigin, M. et al. In situ observations of low-density regions inside the plasmasphere. Earth Planet Sp 56, 989–996 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03351796

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03351796

Key words