Skip to main content

Volume 50 Supplement 6-7

Special Issue: The Zodiacal Cloud Sciences

  • Article
  • Published:

On the dynamics of meteoroid streams

Abstract

Zodiacal dust evolves from cometary debris through a stage called a meteoroid stream. Meteoroid streams produce meteor showers if a node of the stream is near 1 AU. On occasion, Earth encounters a stream of meteoroids that has not dispersed wide enough to be detected annually. A rare and often short lived enhancement of rates is observed during which the meteors typically have smaller radiant dispersion and sometimes anomalous fragmentation properties and end heights. Here, we summarize recent observations of these meteor outbursts and discuss how the results constrain our knowledge of the early stages of meteoroid stream formation. These stages tie meteoroid streams to cometary dust trails and are an important step in the dynamical evolution from cometary to zodiacal dust.

References

  • Arter, T. R. and I. P. Williams, Periodic behaviour of the April Lyrids, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 286, 163–172, 199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Babadzhanov, P. B. and Yu. V. Obrubov, P/Machholz 1986 VIII and Quadantid meteoroid stream. Orbital evolution and relationship, in Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 1991, edited by A. W. Harris and E. Bowell, pp. 27–32, Lunar and Planetary Inst., Houston, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Betlem, H., C. R. ter Kuile, J. van’t Leven, M. de Lignie, L. Ramon Bellot, M. Koop, C. Angelos, M. Wilson, and P. Jenniskens, Precisely reduced meteoroid trajectories and orbits from the 1995 Leonid meteor outburst, Planet. Space Sci., 45, 853–856, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, P. and J. Jones, Dynamics of the Leonid meteoroid stream: a numerical approach, in Physics, Chemistry and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust. ASP Conf. Ser. 104, edited by B. Ã…. S. Gustafson and M. S. Hanner, pp. 113–116, ASP, San Francisco, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, P. and J. Rendtel, The Perseid meteoroid stream: Characterization of recent activity from visual observations, Icarus, 124, 414–428, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, P., M. Simek, and J. Jones, Radar observations of the Leonids: 1964–1995, Astron. Astrophys., 322, 687–695, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, J. E., Why Halley-types resonate but long-period comets don’t: a dynamical distinction between short and long-period comets, Icarus, 125, 32–38, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chifo, J. F., The correct evaluation of the sublimation rate of dusty ices under solar illumination, and its implication on the properties of P/Halley nucleus, Icarus, 130, 549–551, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, J. G. and A. C. B. Lovell, The Giacobinid meteoroid stream, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 115, 23–31, 1955.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, J. K., S. F. Green, B. C. Stewart, A. J. Meadows, and H. H. Aumann, The IRAS fast-moving object search, Nature, 309, 315–319, 1984.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dermott, S. F., D. D. Durda, B. Ã…. S. Gustafson, S. Jayaraman, J. C. Liou, and Y. L. Xu, Zodiacal dust bands, in Asteroids, Comets Meteors 1993, edited by A. Milani et al., pp. 127–142, 1994.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Emel’yanenko, V. V., Dynamics of the Lyrid meteor swarm, Astron. Vestn., 24, 308–313; Sol. Sys. Res., 24, 199–202, 1991.

  • Emel’yanenko, V. V. and M. E. Bailey, Regular and stochastic motion of meteoroid streams in Halley-type orbits, in Physics, Chemistry and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust, ASP Conference Series, Vol. 104, edited by B. Ã…. S. Gustafson and M. S. Hanner, pp. 121–124, 1996.

  • Grün, E., H. A. Zook, H. Fechtig, and R. H. Giese, Collisional balance of the meteoritic complex, Icarus, 62, 244–272, 1985.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gustafson, B. Ã…. S., Comet ejection and dynamics of nonspherical dust particles and meteoroids, Astrophys. J., 337, 945, 1989a.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gustafson, B. Ã…. S., Geminid meteoroids traced to cometary activity on Phaethon, Astron. Astrophys., 225, 533–540, 1989b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guth, V., On the periodicity of Lyrids, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czech., 1, 1–4, 1947.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hainaut, O. R., K. J. Meech, H. Boehnhardt, and R. M. West, Early recovery of comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle, Astron. Astrophys., 1998 (in press).

  • Harmon, J. K., S. J. Ostro, L. A. M. Benner, K. D. Rosema, R. F. Jurgens, R. Winkler, D. K. Yeomans, D. Choate, R. Cormier, J. D. Giorgini, D. L. Mitchell, P. W. Chodas, R. Rose, D. Kelley, M. A. Slade, and M. L. Thomas, Radar detection of the nucleus and coma of comet Hyakutake (C/1996 B2), Science, 278, 1921–1924, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, N. W. and D. W. Hughes, Perseid meteoroids—the relationship between mass and orbital semimajor axis, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 273, 992–998, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, N. W., K. K. Yau, and D. W. Hughes, The true extent of the nodal distribution of the Perseid meteoroid stream, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 273, 999–1015, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, W. M., M. R. Combi, R. K. Honeycutt, B. E. Mueller, and F. Scherb, Evidence for interacting gas flow and an extended volatile source distribution in the coma of comet C/1996 B2 (Hyakutake), Science, 277, 676–681, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, D. W., Meteors, in Cosmic Dust. Chapt. 3, edited by J. A. M. McDonnell, pp. 123–185, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacchia, L. G., Z. Kopal, and P. M. Millman, A photographic study of the Draconid meteor shower of 1946, Astrophys. J., 111, 104–133, 1950.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jenniskens, P., Meteoroid stream activity. I. The annual streams, Astron. Astrophys., 287, 990–1013, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenniskens, P., Meteoroid stream activity. II. Meteor outbursts, Astron. Astrophys., 295, 206–235, 1995a.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenniskens, P., Good prospects for α-Monocerotid outburst in 1995, WGN, the Journal of IMO, 23, 84–86, 1995b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenniskens, P., Meteoroid stream activity. III. Measurements of the first in a new series of Leonid outburst, Meteorics and Planetary Science, 31, 177–184, 1996a.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jenniskens, P., The first in a new series of Leonid outbursts, in Physics, Chemistry, and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust, edited by B. Ã…. S. Gustafson and M. S. Hanner, ASP Conf. Ser., 104, 117–120, 1996b.

  • Jenniskens, P., Meteoroid stream activity. IV. Meteor outbursts and the reflex motion of the Sun, Astron. Astrophys., 317, 953–961, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenniskens, P. and G. Docters van Leeuwen, The α-Monocerotids meteor outburst: the cross section of a comet dust trail, Planet. Space Sci., 45, 1649–1652, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jenniskens, P., H. Betlem, M. de Lignie, and M. Langbroek, The detection of a dust trail in the orbit of an Earth-threatening long-period comet, Astrophys. J., 479, 441–447, 1997a.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jenniskens, P., H. Betlem, M. de Lignie, M. Langbroek, and M. van Vliet, Meteor stream activity. V. The quadrantids, a very young stream, Astron. Astrophys., 327, 1242–1252, 1997b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenniskens, P., H. Betlem, M. de Lignie, C. ter Kuile, M. C. A. van Vliet, J. van ’t Leven, M. Koop, E. Morales, T. Rice, and M. Fulle, On the unusual activity of the Perseid meteor shower (1989–1996) and the dust trail of comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 1998 (in press).

  • Jones, J., The ejection of meteoroids from comets, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 275, 773–780, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, J. and P. Brown, Modelling the orbital evolution of the Perseid meteoroids, in Physics, Chemistry, and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust, edited by B. Ã…. S. Gustafson and M. S. Hanner, ASP Conf. Ser., 104, 105–108, 1997.

  • Kresák, L., The meteor showers of November 21, 1925 and 1935, and their connexion with comet 1944 I, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czech., 9, 88–96, 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kresák, L., Orbital evolution of the dust streams released from comets, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czech., 27, 35–46, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kresák, L., Sources of interplanetary dust, in Solid Particles in the Solar System, IAU Symp. 90, edited by I. Halliday and B. A. McIntosh, pp. 211–222, Reidel, Dordrecht, 1980.

  • Kresák, L., On the ejection and dispersion velocities of meteor particles, Contr. Astron. Obs. Skalnaté Pleso, 22, 123–130, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kresák, L., Cometary dust trails and meteor storms, Astron. Astrophys., 279, 646–660, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kresák, L. and V. Porubcan, The dispersion of meteors in meteoroid streams. I. The size of the radiant area, BAC, 21, 153–170, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kresák, L. and J. Slancikova, On the structure of the Giacobinid meteor shower, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czech., 26, 327–342, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Lignie, M. and H. Betlem, Simultane Videometeoren van de Leonidenaktie 1995. Radiant, the Journal of DMS, 68–75, 1997.

  • Lewin, B. J., Physikalische Theorie der Meteore und die Meteoritische Substanz im Sonnensystem. Teil II, 330 pp., Akademie Verlag, Berlin, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindblad, B. A. and V. Porubcan, Activity of the Lyrid meteoroid stream, in Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 1991, edited by A. W. Harris and E. Bowell, pp. 367–370, Lundar and Planetary Institute, Houston, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindblad, B. A., V. Porubcan, and J. Stohl, The orbit and mean radiant motion of the Leonid meteoroid stream, in Meteoroids and Their Parent Bodies, edited by J. Stohl and I. P. Williams, pp. 177–180, Astron. Inst., Slovak Acad. Sci., Bratislava, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lovell, A. C. B., Meteor Astronomy, 463 pp., Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann, I., The contribution of asteroid dust to the interplanetary dust cloud: The impact of ULYSSES results on the understanding of dust production in the asteroid belt and of the formation of the IRAS dust bands, Icarus, 120, 399–407, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marsden, B. G., On the relationship between comets and minor planets, Astron. J., 75, 206–217, 1970.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Novikov, G. G., P. Pecina, and N. A. Konovalova, Bulk densities of meteoroids, Astron. Astrophys., 360, 991–994, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Ceallaigh, D. P., A. Fitzsimmons, and I. P. Williams, CCD photometry of comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle, Astron. Astrophys., 297, L17–L20, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olsson-Steel, D., The origin of the sporadic meteoroid component, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 219, 47–73, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pittich, E. M., in Dynamika Malych Cial Ukladu Sloneznego, edited by K. Ziolkowski, pp. 55, PAN, Warszawa, 1991 (see Kresák, 1992).

  • Plavec, M., Meteor strams at early stages of evolution, in Meteors, Special Supplement (Vol. 2), J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., pp. 168–177, 1955.

  • Porubcan, V., On the structure of the 1969 Leonid meteor shower, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czech., 25, 353–361, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porubcan, V. and J. Stohl, Bust of the 1969 Leonids and 1982 Lyrids, in Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 1991, edited by A. W. Harris and E. Bowell, pp. 469–472, Lundar and Planetary Inst., Houston, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rendtel, J., P. Brown, and S. Molau, The 1995 outburst and possible origin of the alpha-Monocerotid meteoroid stream, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 279, L31–L36, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sekanina, Z., Meteoric storms and formation of meteoroid streams, in Asteroids, Comets, Meteoric Matter, edited by C. Cristesu, W. J. Klepczynski, and B. Millet, pp. 239–267, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simek, M., Fine structure of the 1985 Giacobinids, Astron. Astrophys., 284, 276–280, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simek, M., Fragmenting particles during 1989–1994 Perseid radar observations, in Physics, Chemistry, and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust, edited by B. Ã…. S. Gustafson and M. S. Hanner, ASP Conf. Ser., 104, 79–82, 1996.

  • Simek, M. and P. Pecina, Activity of the new filament in the Perseid meteoroid stream, in Physics, Chemistry, and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust, edited by B. Ã…. S. Gustafson and M. S. Hanner, ASP Conf. Ser., 104, 109–112, 1996.

  • Steel, D., Meteoroid streams, in Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 1993, edited by A. Milani et al., pp. 111–126, 1994.

  • Sykes, M. V. and R. G. Walker, Cometary dust trails. I. Survey, Icarus, 95, 180–210, 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sykes, M. V., L. A. Lebofsky, D. M. Hunten, and F. Low, The discovery of dust trails in the orbits of periodic comets, Science, 232, 1115–1117, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sykes, M. V., D. J. Lien, and R. G. Walker, The Tempel 2 dust trail, Icarus, 86, 236–247, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, J.-I., T. Nakamura, M. Tsutsumi, and T. Tsuda, Radar observations of the strong activity of a Perseid meteor shower in 1991, Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 44, 677–685, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whipple, F. L., A comet model. II. Physical relations for comets and meteors, Astrophys. J., 113, 464–474, 1951.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, I. P., The dynamics of meteoroid streams, in Meteoroids and Their Parent Bodies, edited by J. Stohl and I. P. Williams, pp. 31–40, Astron. Inst. Slovak Acad. Sci., Bratislava, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, I. P., The evolution of meteoroid streams, in Physics, Chemistry, and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust, edited by B. Ã…. S. Gustafson and M. S. Hanner, ASP Conf. Ser., 104, 89–99, 1996a.

  • Williams, I. P., What can meteoroid streams tell us about the ejection velocities of dust from comets?, Earth, Moon and Planets, 72, 321–326, 1996b.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, I. P., The Leonid meteor shower: why are there storms but no regular annual activity?, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 292, L37–L40, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, I. P. and Z. Wu, The current Perseid meteor shower, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 269, 524–528, 1994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, Z. and I. P. Williams, The Perseid meteor shower at the current time, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 264, 980–990, 1993.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, Z. and I. P. Williams, P/Giacobini-Zinner and the Draconid meteor shower, Planet. Space Sci., 43, 723–731, 1995a.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, Z. and I. P. Williams, Gaps in the distribution of semimajor axes of the Perseid meteors, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 276, 1017–1023, 1995b.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, Z. and I. P. Williams, Leonid meteor storms, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 280, 1210–1218, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yeomans, D. K., Comet Tempel-Tuttle and the Leonid meteors, Icarus, 47, 492–499, 1981.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. Jenniskens.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jenniskens, P. On the dynamics of meteoroid streams. Earth Planet Sp 50, 555–567 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03352149

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03352149

Keywords