Skip to main content

Advertisement

Earth, Planets and Space
Earth, Planets and Space Cover Image

A fault model of the 1995 Kobe earthquake derived from the GPS data on the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge and other datasets

Earth, Planets and Space volume 50, pages803–811(1998)Cite this article

Article metrics

Abstract

Co-seismic horizontal displacements, which have been obtained from recently released GPS observations on the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge, are examined for their consistency with displacements observed in the vicinity of the bridge. An E18.7°S displacement of 25.0 cm should be removed from them. The adjusted data indicate an additional fault segment beneath Akashi Strait. We construct a new fault model by adding this segment to a model assumed previously. We then recover the slip distribution over the new model by inverting these data together with other geodetic observations. The displacements calculated from the recovered distribution fit the observations well, and the distribution of slip indicates that the additional segment is closely related to the southern main segment of the previous model. Joint inversion of the geodetic and waveform datasets suggests large slips with longer duration in the shallow parts of these segments.

References

  1. Bilham, R. and G. King, The morphology of strike-slip faults: Examples from the San Andreas fault, California, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 10204–10216, 1989.

  2. Hashimoto, M., Source process based on geodetic data, in Report on the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster, Common Series Vol. 2, pp. 123–139, Maruzen, Tokyo, 1998 (in Japanese with English abstract).

  3. Hashimoto, M., T. Sagiya, H. Tsuiji, Y. Hatanaka, and T. Tada, Co-seismic displacements of the 1995 Kobe earthquake, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 255–279, 1996.

  4. Hirata, N., S. Ohmi, S. Sakai, K. Katsumata, S. Matsumoto, T. Takanami, A. Yamamoto, T. Nishimura, T. Iidaka, T. Urabe, M. Sekine, T. Ooida, F. Yamazaki, H. Katao, Y. Umeda, K. Ito, M. Nakamura, N. Seto, T. Matsushima, and Japanese University Group for the Urgent Joint Observation for the 1995 Hyogoken Nanbu Earthquake, Urgent joint observation of aftershocks of the 1995 Hyogoken Nanbu earthquake, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 317–328, 1996.

  5. Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Authority, Report of the Effects of the Hyogoken Nanbu Earthquake on the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge, 41pp., 1995 (in Japanese).

  6. Horikawa, H., K. Hirahara, Y. Umeda, M. Hashimoto, and F. Kusano, Simultaneous inversion of geodetic and strong motion data for the source process of the Hyogoken Nanbu, Japan, earthquake, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 455–471, 1996.

  7. Ide, S., M. Takeo, and Y. Yoshida, Source process of the 1995 Kobe earthquake: Determination of spaciotemporal distribution by Bayesian modeling, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 86, 547–566, 1996.

  8. Iimura, Y., S. Miyazaki, and M. Sasaki, Establishment of new dense GSI’s nationwide GPS array, Kokudochiriin Jiho, 87, 37–49, 1997 (in Japanese).

  9. Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), The 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake and its aftershocks, Rep. Coord. Comm. Earthq. Pred., 54, 584–592, 1995 (in Japanese).

  10. Katao, H., N. Maeda, Y. Hiramatsu, Y. Iio, and S. Nakao, Detailed mapping of focal mechanisms in/around the 1995 Hyogoken Nanbu earthquake rupture zone, J. Phys. Earth, 45, 105–119, 1997.

  11. Kikuchi, M. and H. Kanamori, Rupture process of the Kobe, Japan earthquake of Jan. 17, 1995 determined from teleseismic body waves, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 429–436, 1996.

  12. Research Group for Active Faults of Japan (RGAFJ), Active Faults in Japan, revised edition, 437pp., University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, 1991 (in Japanese with English abstract).

  13. Sekiguchi, H., K. Irikura, T. Iwata, Y. Kakehi, and M. Hoshiba, Minute locating of fault planes and source process of the 1995 Hyogoken Nanbu (Kobe), Japan, earthquake from the waveform inversion of strong ground motion, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 473–487, 1996.

  14. Tabei, T., T. Kato, J. P. L. Catane, T. Chachin, K. Fujimori, K. Hirahara, A. Kubo, T. Matsushima, T. Nakano, S. Nakao, S. Otsuka, T. Terashima, and T. Yamamoto, Crustal deformation associated with the 1995 Hyogoken Nanbu earthquake, Japan derived from GPS measurements, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 281–286, 1996.

  15. Toki, K., K. Irikura, and T. Kagawa, Strong motion records in the source area of the Hyogokennambu earthquake, January 17, 1995, Japan, J. Nat. Disast. Sci., 16, 23–30, 1995.

  16. Wald, D. J., Slip history of the 1995 Kobe, Japan, earthquake determined from strong motion, teleseismic and geodetic data, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 489–503, 1996.

  17. Yamagata, M., M. Yasuda, A. Nitta, and S. Yamamoto, Effects on the Akashi Kaikyo bridge, Soils and Foundations, special issue, 179–187, 1996.

  18. Yoshida, S. and K. Koketsu, Simultaneous inversion of waveform and geodetic data for the rupture process of the 1984 Naganokenseibu, Japan, earthquake, Geophys. J. Int., 103, 355–362, 1990.

  19. Yoshida, S., K. Koketsu, B. Shibazaki, T. Sagiya, T. Kato, and Y. Yoshida, Joint inversion of the near- and farfield waveforms and geodetic data for the rupture process of the 1995 Kobe earthquake, J. Phys. Earth, 44, 437–454, 1996.

Download references

Author information

Affiliations

  1. Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan

    • Kazuki Koketsu
    • , Shingo Yoshida
    •  & Hiromichi Higashihara

Authors

  1. Search for Kazuki Koketsu in:

  2. Search for Shingo Yoshida in:

  3. Search for Hiromichi Higashihara in:

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kazuki Koketsu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Koketsu, K., Yoshida, S. & Higashihara, H. A fault model of the 1995 Kobe earthquake derived from the GPS data on the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge and other datasets. Earth Planet Sp 50, 803–811 (1998) doi:10.1186/BF03352173

Download citation

Keywords

  • Focal Mechanism
  • Fault Model
  • Fault Segment
  • Slip Distribution
  • Joint Inversion