Burke, W. J., T. L. Aggson, N. C. Maynard, W. R. Hoegy, R. A. Hoffman, R. M. Candy, C. Liebrecht, and E. Rodgers, Effects of a lightning discharge detected by the DE 2 satellite over hurricane Debbie, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 6359–6367, 1992.
Article
Google Scholar
Danilov, A. V. and V. A. Dovzhenko, On excitation of electromagnetic fields during acoustic impulse entry in the ionosphere, Geomagn. Aeron., 27, 772–777, 1987 (in Russian).
Google Scholar
Devyaterikov, I. A., E. A. Ivanov, S. I. Kozlov, and V. P. Kudryavtsev, Effects of acoustic waves on the behavior of charged particles in the low ionosphere, Cosmic Res., 22, 197–200, 1984 (English translation).
Google Scholar
Dowden, P. E., Comment on “VLF signatures of ionospheric disturbances associated with sprites” by Inan et al., Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 3421–3422, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Dowden, R. L., J. B. Brundell, W. A. Lyons, and T. Nelson, Detection and location of red sprites by VLF scattering of subionospheric transmissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 1737–1740, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Farrell, W. M., T. L. Aggson, E. B. Rodgers, and W. B. Hanson, Observation of ionospheric electric fields above atmospheric weather systems, J. Geophys. Res., 99, A10, 19475–19483, 1994.
Google Scholar
Fatkullin, M. N., T. I. Zelenova, and A. D. Legenka, On the ionospheric effects of asthenospheric earthquake, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 57, 82–85, 1989.
Article
Google Scholar
Finkelstein, D. and J. R. Powell, Earthquake lightning, Nature, 228, 992, 1970.
Article
Google Scholar
Finkelstein, D., R. D. Hill, and J. R. Powell, The piezoelectric theory of earthquake lightning, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 993, 1973.
Google Scholar
Fishkova, L. M., M. B. Gokhberg, and V. A. Pilipenko, Relationship between night airglow and seismic activity, Ann. Geophys., 3, 689–694, 1985.
Google Scholar
Fraser-Smith, A. C., A. Bernardi, P. R. McGill, M. E. Ladd, R. A. Helliwell, and O. G. Villard, Jr., Low-frequency magnetic field measurements near the epicenter of the Ms 7.1 Loma Prieta earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1465–1468, 1990.
Article
Google Scholar
Fraser-Smith, A. C., P. R. McGill, R. A. Helliwell, and O. G. Villard, Jr., Ultra-low frequency magnetic field measurements in southern California during the Northridge earthquake on 17 January, 1994, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2195–2198, 1994.
Article
Google Scholar
Fujinawa, Y. K., K. Takahashi, T. Matsumoto, and N. Kawakami, Experiments to locate sources of earthquakerelated VLF electromagnetic signals, Proc. Japan Acad., 73 B, No. 3, 33–38, 1997.
Article
Google Scholar
Galper, A. M., V. V. Dmitrenko, N. V. Nikitina, et al., Relation of highenergy charged particles in the radiation belt with the Earth’s seismicity, Cosmic Res., 27, 789–792, 1989 (in Russian).
Google Scholar
Galperin, Yu. I. and M. Hayakawa, On the magnetospheric effects of experimental ground explosions observed from AUREOL-3, J. Geomag. Geoelectr., 48, 1241–1263, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Galperin, Yu. I., V. A. Gladyshev, N. V. Jorjio, R. A. Kovrazhkin, Yu. V. Lissakov, V. D. Maslov, L. M. Nikolaenko, R. Z. Sagdeev, O. A. Molchanov, M. M. Mogilevsky, L. S. Alperovich, M. B. Gokhberg, E. A. Ivanov, O. A. Pokhotelov, H. Reme, J.-M. Bosqued, C. Beghin, and J. J. Berthelier, VLF and ELF effects in the upper ionosphere caused by large scale acoustic waves in the lower ionosphere observed from AUREOL-3 satellite, in Results of the ARCAD 3 PROJECT and of the Recent Programmes in the Magnetospheric and Ionospheric Physics, edited by CNES, CEPADUES-EDITIONS., Toulouse, pp. 661–684, 1985a.
Google Scholar
Galperin, Yu. I., V. A. Gladyshev, N. V. Jorjio, R. A. Kovrazhkin, Yu. V. Lissakov, V. D. Maslov, L. M. Nikolaenko, R. Z. Sagdeev, O. A. Molchanov, M. M. Mogilevsky, L. S. Alperovich, M. B. Gokhberg, E. A. Ivanov, O. A. Pokhotelov, C. Beghin, J. J. Berthelier, J.-M. Bosqued, and H. Reme, Alfven wave excited in the middlelatitude magnetosphere by a large-scale acoustic wave propagating in lower ionosphere, Izv. AN SSSR, Phys. Earth, No. 11, 88–98, 1985b.
Galperin, Yu. I., V. A. Gladyshev, N. V. Jorjio, V. I. Larkina, and M. M. Mogilevsky, Energetic particle precipitation from the magnetosphere above the epicenter of approaching earthquake, Cosmic Res., 30, 89–106, 1992 (in Russian).
Google Scholar
Geller, R. J., D. D. Jackson, Ya. Y. Kagan, and F. Mulargia, Earthquakes cannot be predicted, Science, 275, 1616–1617, 1997.
Article
Google Scholar
Ginzburg, E. A., A. B. Malyshev, I. P. Proshkina, and V. P. Pustovetov, Correlation of strong earthquakes with variations of particle flux of the radiation belt, Geomagn. Aeron., 34, 60–67, 1994 (in Russian).
Google Scholar
Gokhberg, M. B., Strong acoustic wave action, in Active Experiments in Space, ESA Symp. at Alpbach, 24–28, May 1983, edited by ESA, ESA-SP195, Noordwijk, pp. 99–110, 1983.
Google Scholar
Gokhberg, M. B., V. A. Morgunov, T. Yoshino, and T. Tomizawa, Experimental measurements of electromagnetic emissions possibly related to earthquakes in Japan, J. Geophys. Res., 87, No. 9, 7824–7828, 1982.
Article
Google Scholar
Gokhberg, M. B., V. A. Pilipenko, and O. A. Pokhotelov, Observations from a satellite of electromagnetic radiation above the region of an earthquake in preparation, Doklady AN SSSR (Reports to the USSR Acad. Sci.), 268, 56–58, 1983.
Google Scholar
Gokhberg, M. B., I. L. Gufeld, A. A. Rozhnoy, V. F. Marenko, V. S. Yampolsky, and E. A. Ponomarev, Study of seismic influence on the iono-sphere by super long-wave probing of the Earthionosphere waveguide, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 57, 64–74, 1989.
Article
Google Scholar
Gorny, V. I., A. G. Salman, A. A. Tronin, and B. V. Shilin, Outgoing infrared Earth’s radiationan indicator of seismic activity, Doklady An SSSR (Reports to the USSR Acad. Sci.), 301, No. 1, 67–69, 1988.
Google Scholar
Greifinger, C. and P. Greifinger, Transient ULF electric and magnetic fields following a lightning discharge, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 2237–2247, 1976.
Article
Google Scholar
Gufeld, I. L., G. A. Gusev, R. A. Lyutikov, and M. I. Matveeva, Seismic process as phase instability of the lithosphere, in Atmospheric and Ionospheric Phenomena Associated with Earthquakes, edited by M. Hayakawa, Terra Sci. Pub. Corp., Tokyo, 1998 (in press).
Google Scholar
Hayakawa, M., Electromagnetic precursors of earthquakes: Review of recent activities, in Rev. Radio Sci. (1993-1995), edited by W. Ross Stone, pp. 807–818, Oxford Univ. Press, 1997.
Google Scholar
Hayakawa, M., I. Tomizawa, K. Ohta, S. Shimakura, Y. K. Fujinawa, K. Takahashi, and T. Yoshino, Direction finding of precursory radio emissions associated with earthquakes: a proposal, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 77, 127–135, 1993.
Article
Google Scholar
Hayakawa, M., R. Kawate, O. A. Molchanov, and K. Yumoto, Results of ultra-low-frequency magnetic field measurements during the Guam earthquake of 8 August 1993, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 241–244, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Henderson, T. R., V. S. Sonwalkar, R. A. Helliwell, U. S. Inan, and A. C. Fraser-Smith, A search for ELF/VLF emissions induced by earthquakes as observed in the ionosphere by the DE-2 satellite, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 9503–9509, 1993.
Article
Google Scholar
Inan, U. S., T. F. Bell, and V. P. Pasko, Reply, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 3423–3424, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Johnston, M. J. S., Review of electrical and magnetic fields accompanying seismic and volcanic activity, Surv. Geophys., 18, 441–475, 1997.
Article
Google Scholar
King, C. Ju., Gas chemistry applied to earthquake prediction: An overview, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 12269–12290, 1986.
Article
Google Scholar
Larkina, V. I., A. V. Nalivayko, N. I. Gershenzon, M. B. Gokhberg, V. A. Liperovsky, and S. L. Shalimov, Observations of VLF emission related with seismic activity on the Interkosmos-19 satellite, Geomagn. Aeron., 23, 684–687, 1983 (English translation).
Google Scholar
Larkina, V. I., V. V. Migulin, O. A. Molchanov, I. P. Kharkov, A. S. Inchin, and V. B. Schvetcova, Some statistical results on very low frequency radiowave emissions in the upper ionosphere over earthquake zones, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 57, 100–109, 1989.
Article
Google Scholar
Martysh, E. and V. Sidorenko, Upward discharge above seismo-active regions, paper presented at the International Workshop on Seismo-Electromagnetics, Tokyo, March, 1997.
Merzer, M., Closefit modelling of high ULF magnetic fields preceding Loma Prieta earthquake, 1992 Regional Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Tel-Aviv, Israel, November, 1992, Program and Papers, 2-1-2, pp. 1–4, 1992.
Molchanov, O. A., Wave and plasma phenomena inside the ionosphere and magnetosphere associated with earthquakes, Rev. Radio Sci., Chap. 28, 591–600, 1993.
Google Scholar
Molchanov, O. A., Y. A. Kopytenko, P. V. Voronov, E. A. Kopytenko, T. Matiashvili, A. C. Fraser-Smith, and A. Bernardi, Results of ULF magnetic field measurements near the epicenters of the Spitak (Ms = 6.9) and Loma-Prieta (Ms = 7.1) earthquakes: Comparative analysis, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 1495–1498, 1992.
Article
Google Scholar
Molchanov, O. A., O. A. Mazhaeva, A. N. Goliavin, and M. Hayakawa, Observation by the Intercosmos-24 satellite of ELF-VLF electromagnetic emissions associated with earthquakes, Ann. Geophys., 11, 431–440, 1993.
Google Scholar
Molchanov, O. A., M. Hayakawa, and V. A. Rafalsky, Penetration characteristics of electromagnetic emissions from an underground seismic source into the atmosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 100, A2, 1691–1712, 1995.
Article
Google Scholar
Molchanov, O. A., M. Hayakawa, T. Ondoh, and E. Kawai, Precursory effects in the subionospheric VLF signals for the Kobe earthquake, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 105, 239–248, 1998.
Article
Google Scholar
Parrot, M., Statistical study of ELF/VLF emissions recorded by a low-altitude satellite during seismic events, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 23339–23345, 1994.
Article
Google Scholar
Pierce, E. T., Atmospheric electricity and earthquake prediction, Geophys. Res. Lett., 3, 185–188, 1976.
Article
Google Scholar
Pokhotelov, O. A., V. A. Pilipenko, E. N. Fedorov, L. Stenflo, and P. K. Shukla, Induced electromagnetic turbulence in the ionosphere and the magnetosphere, Phys. Scr., 50, 600–605, 1994.
Article
Google Scholar
Pulinets, S. A., Conjugate seismo-ionospheric variations before strong earthquakes, in Atmospheric and Ionospheric Phenomena Associated with Earthquakes, edited by M. Hayakawa, Terra Sci. Pub. Corp., Tokyo, 1998 (in press).
Qiang Zuji, Thermal infrared anomaly-precursor of impending earthquakes, Chin. Sci. Bull., 36, No. 4, 319–324, 1991.
Google Scholar
Rikitake, T., Earthquake prediction: an empirical approach, Tectono-physics, 148, 195–288, 1988.
Article
Google Scholar
Roger, C. J., N. R. Thomson, and R. L. Dowden, A search for ELF/VLF activity associated with earthquakes using ISIS satellite data, J. Geophys. Res., 101, A6, 13369–13378, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Roussel-Dupre, R. A., A. V. Gurevich, T. Tunnell, and G. M. Milikh, Kinetic theory of runaway air breakdown, Phys. Rev., 49, No. 3, 2257–2271, 1994.
Article
Google Scholar
Rowland, H. L., R. F. Fernsler, J. D. Huba, and P. A. Bernhardt, Lightning driven EMP in upper atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 361–364, 1995.
Article
Google Scholar
Sentman, D. D. and E. M. Wescott, Observations of upper atmospheric optical flashes recorded from an aircraft, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2857–2860, 1993.
Article
Google Scholar
Sukhorukov, A. I., E. A. Rudenchik, and P. Stubbe, Simulation of the strong lightning pulse penetration into the lower ionosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2911–2914, 1996.
Article
Google Scholar
Surkov, V. V., Excitation of low-frequency geomagnetic oscillation upon the propagation of a vertical acoustic wave in the E-layer of the ionosphere, Geomagn. Aeron., 32, 332–336, 1992 (English translation).
Google Scholar
Winckler, J. R., Further observations of cloudionosphere electrical discharges above thunderstorms, J. Geophys. Res., 100, D7, 14335–14345, 1995.
Article
Google Scholar