Skip to main content
Earth, Planets and Space
Download PDF

Volume 51 Supplement 7-8

Special Issue: Dynamics and Structure of the Mesopause Region (DYSMER)

  • Article
  • Published:

Coordinated radar observations of atmospheric diurnal tides in equatorial regions

Earth, Planets and Space volume 51, pages 579–592 (1999)Cite this article

Abstract

The long-term behavior of atmospheric tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere has been observed with the meteor wind radar (MWR) in Jakarta, Indonesia (6°S, 107°E) from November 1992 to August 1997. The amplitudes and phases of the diurnal tides show systematic seasonal variations, particularly distinct in the meridional component. In addition, substantial interannual variability is evident, characterized by a biennial periodicity of tidal parameters, and considerably small tidal amplitudes exclusively seen in 1996. The MWR results are compared with the Global Scale Wave Model (GSWM) as well as MF radar data collected in two equatorial sites in Pontianak (0.03°N, 109°E) and Christmas Island (2°N, 158°W) for November 1995–July 1997 and January 1996–October 1997, respectively. Comparison studies of these radar data have revealed the detailed latitudinal structure of the diurnal tide near the equator. The GSWM has successfully described the general characteristics of the radar results, although some discrepancies are recognized. In 1996 when radar data are available at all the three sites, the monthly mean values of tidal amplitudes at 90 km agreed very well between Jakarta and Pontianak, while significant discrepancy was found for Christmas Island, suggesting the existence of geographical effects such as non-migrating tides.

References

  • Burrage, M. D., M. E. Hagan, W. R. Skinner, D. L. Wu, and P. B. Hays, Long-term variability in the solar diurnal tide observed by HRDI and simulated by the GSWM, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2641–2644, 1995a.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burrage, M. D., D. L. Wu, W. R. Skinner, D. A. Ortland, and P. B. Hays, Latitudinal and seasonal dependence of the semidiurnal tide observed by the high resolution Doppler imager, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11313–11321, 1995b.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ekanayake, E. M. P., T. Aso, and S. Miyahara, Background wind effect on propagation of nonmigrating diurnal tides in the middle atmosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 59, 401–429, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forbes, J. M., Atmospheric tides 1, Model description and results for the solar diurnal component, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 5222–5240, 1982.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forbes, J. M. and M. E. Hagan, Diurnal propagating tide in the presence of mean winds and dissipation: a numerical investigation, Planet. Space Sci., 36, 579–590, 1988.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fritts, D. C. and J. R. Isler, First observations of mesospheric dynamics with a partial reflection radar in Hawaii (22°N, 160°W), Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 409–412, 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hagan, M. E., J. M. Forbes, and F. Vial, On modeling migrating solar tides, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 893–896, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu, H. H. and B. J. Hoskins, Tidal fluctuations as seen in ECMWF data, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 115, 247–264, 1989.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kato, S., Dynamics of the Upper Atmosphere, 233 pp., D. Reidel, Norwell, Mass., 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieberman, R. S., Long-term variations of zonal mean winds and (1, 1) driving in the equatorial lower thermosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 59, 1483–1490, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manson, A. H., C. E. Meek, H. Teitelbaum, F. Vial, R. Schminder, D. Kürschner, M. J. Smith, G. J. Fraser, and R. R. Clark, Climatologies of semi-diurnal and diurnal tides in the middle atmosphere (70–110km) at middle latitudes (40–55°), J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 51, 579–593, 1989.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miyahara, S., Y. Yoshida, and Y. Miyoshi, Dynamic coupling between the lower and upper atmosphere by tides and gravity waves, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 55, 1039–1053, 1993.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, T., D. C. Fritts, J. R. Isler, T. Tsuda, R. A. Vincent, and I. M. Reid, Short-period fluctuations of the diurnal tides observed with lo-latitude MF and meteor radars during CADRE: Evidence for gravity wave/tidal interactions, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26225–26238, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tokioka, T. and I. Yagai, Atmospheric tides appearing in a global atmospheric general circulation model, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 65, 423–437, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsuda, T. and S. Kato, Diurnal non-migrating tides excited by a differential heating due to land-sea distribution, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 67, 43–55, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsuda, T., S. Kato, A. H. Manson, and C. E. Meek, Characteristics of semidiurnal tides observed by the Kyoto meteor radar and Saskatoon medium-frequency radar, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 7027–7036, 1988.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuda, T., S. Fukao, M. Yamamoto, T. Nakamura, M. D. Yamanaka, T. Adachi, H. Hashiguchi, N. Fujioka, M. Tsutsumi, S. Kato, S. W. B. Harijono, T. Sribimawati, B. P. Sitorus, R. B. Yahya, M. Karmini, F. Renggono, B. L. Parapat, W. Djojonegoro, P. Mardio, N. Adikusumah, H. T. Endi, and H. Wiryosumarto, A Preliminary Report on Observations of Equatorial Atmosphere Dynamics in Indonesia with Radars and Radiosondes, J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 73, 393–406, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsuda, T., T. Nakamura, A. Shimizu, and T. Yoshino, Observationsofdiurnal oscillations with a meteor wind radar and radiosondes in Indonesia, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26217–26224, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vial, F., Numerical simulations of atmospheric tides for solstice conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 8955–8969, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vincent, R. A. and D. Lesicar, Dynamics of the equatorial atmosphere: first results with a new generation partial reflection radar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 825–828, 1991.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vincent, R. A., T. Tsuda, and S. Kato, A comparative study of mesospheric solar tides observed at Adelaide and Kyoto, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 699–708, 1988.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vincent, R. A., S. Kovalam, D. C. Fritts, and J. R. Isler, Long-term MF radar observations of solar tides in the low-latitude mesosphere: Interannual variability and comparisons with GSWM, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8667–8683, 1998.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, C. R. and S. K. Avery, Non-migrating diurnal tides forced by deep convective clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 4079–4091, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radio Atmospheric Science Center (RASC), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 6, 11-0011, Japan

    Toshitaka Tsuda, Kazunori Ohnishi, Fusako Isoda & Takuji Nakamura

  2. Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia

    Robert A. Vincent & Iain M. Reid

  3. Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Jl. M. H. Thamrin No. 8, Jakarta, 10340, Indonesia

    Sri Woro B. Harijono & Tien Sribimawati

  4. Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN), Jl. Pemuda Persil No. 1, Jakarta Timur, 13220, Indonesia

    Agus Nuryanto & Harsono Wiryosumarto

Authors
  1. Toshitaka Tsuda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kazunori Ohnishi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Fusako Isoda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Takuji Nakamura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Robert A. Vincent
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Iain M. Reid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Sri Woro B. Harijono
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Tien Sribimawati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Agus Nuryanto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Harsono Wiryosumarto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Toshitaka Tsuda.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tsuda, T., Ohnishi, K., Isoda, F. et al. Coordinated radar observations of atmospheric diurnal tides in equatorial regions. Earth Planet Sp 51, 579–592 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03353217

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03353217

Keywords