Fig. 1From: Crust and uppermost mantle structure of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge, remnant arc on the Philippine Sea plateTectonic map and location of the seismic lines. The characteristic seafloor topography of the Philippine Sea plate on the left and position of the seismic lines across the Kyushu-Palau Ridge (KPR) on the right. An 8600 in.3 (132L) tuned airgun array was shot along red, black, and white lines, and a 6000 in.3 (98L) non-tuned airgun array was shot along pink lines. P-wave velocity models of the KPR for all the lines are shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Checkerboard test results and ray diagrams for black lines are also displayed in the following figures. KB Kikai Basin, ASB Amami-Sankaku Basin, KDB Kita-Daito Basin, MDB Minami-Daito Basin, MB Mangetsu Basin, NS Nansei-Shoto island arc, NT Nankai Trough, IBM Izu–Bonin (Ogasawara)–Mariana island arc, NSR Nishi-Shichito Ridge, VF volcanic front of the IBM arcBack to article page