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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 1 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 1

From: Evaluation of accuracy of synthetic waveforms for subduction-zone earthquakes by using a land–ocean unified 3D structure model

Fig. 1

a The study area: northeastern Japan and Japan Trench. The GCMT solutions in the oceanic area from 01/01/1996 to 30/09/2017 \((M_{\text{W}} \ge 5.8 \;{\text{and}}\; {\text{depth}}\; \le 50 \;{\text{km}})\) are drawn. The GCMT solutions of the 01/11/2003 event (EV2003) and of the 25/12/2007 event (EV2007) are indicated by yellow arrows. The station locations are denoted by red triangles. The directions of the horizontal axes (X and Y) of the finite-difference grid are indicated by white arrows: the X axis is \({\text{N}}20^\circ {\text{E}}\), and the Y axis is \({\text{N}}110^\circ {\text{E}}.\) b Example of a vertical cross section of the land–ocean unified 3D structure model: the cross section along the line A–B shown in a is displayed. Blue color denotes the ocean water layer. The epicenters of EV2003, EV2007, and the 2011 Tohoku–Oki earthquake (MJMA 9.0) determined by JMA are projected (green triangles)

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