Fig. 4

Aerial view of the area affected by PDC. A Oblique aerial view of the northwestern side of Shindake. The area covered by the PDC is divided into Zone a to Zone e based on the distribution of the deposit and damage to the vegetation. Boundaries between Zones d and e and the outer limit of the Zone e are highlighted with broken lines. Zone f was not covered by the PDC. B Close-up view of the upper northwestern slope of Shindake taken on July 7, showing thick and coarse pyroclastic deposit including large block in Zone a and exposed basement rocks in Zone b. All the vegetations were removed in Zone b. C Close-up view of the fans of block-and-ash flow deposit at the southwestern flank of Shindake. D Trees swept by PDC in Zone d in the western flank of Shindake. Trees in Zone e were still standing but most of the leaves and blanches were lost. E Close-up view of the Mukaehama River showing the change of damage from Zone d (fallen trees)–Zone e (damaged vegetation)–Zone f (green vegetation). F Northeastern margin of the PDC. Discolored vegetations in Zone e and green vegetations in Zone f are shown. Arrows indicate major impact craters. The photographs A and E were taken on July 7; B and F are taken on June 1, 2015, by R. Kazahaya. C and D were taken on May 30, 2015, by N. Geshi