Fig. 11

Bias in measurements of the arithmetic sum of the density-normalized momentum flux and isotropy using the VR83 technique (blue), and a two (red) and six (black) beam least-squares inversion calculated using a simulated gravity wave field. The left-hand panel shows the values of \(\overline{u'w'} + \overline{v'w'}\) for both the inversion-estimated case and that from the covariance calculated from the model’s Cartesian winds at a fixed point (i.e. an estimate of the “true” wind covariance in the model)