Fig. 9
From: Atmospheric Kelvin–Helmholtz billows captured by the MU radar, lidars and a fish-eye camera
a Turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate \(\varepsilon\) \(({\text{mWkg}}^{ - 1} )\) between 0600 LT and 0700 LT. The black contours indicate an arbitrary level of the radar echo power. b Vertical profile of turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate \(\varepsilon\) \(({\text{mWkg}}^{ - 1} )\) averaged over 6 min from 0642 LT to 0648 LT. The horizontal bars show the time variability (± the standard deviation)