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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 5 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 5

From: Relationship between the low-latitude coronal hole area, solar wind velocity, and geomagnetic activity during solar cycles 23 and 24

Fig. 5

The definition of orientation of each component of IMF. a The definition of geocentric solar magnetospheric (GSM) coordinate. The x axis is defined in the direction toward the Sun. The z axis is parallel to the plane containing the magnetic pole of the Earth. The y axis is vertical to the xz plane. b A view of the earth from the z axis direction. When viewed from the Earth, the IMF makes an angle of 45° with the x axis

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