Fig. 3

a Raw vertical ground velocity waveform at KSW from 09:58 on 23 January 2018. b Filtered (Gray: 0.5–5 Hz; Red: 5–20 Hz) vertical ground velocity waveforms at KSW. c Tilt change records at KSHV. An acausal low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 0.05 Hz is applied to emphasize dynamic tilt changes. The cumulative squared amplitude of filtered vertical ground velocity at KSW is also shown to compare tilt changes and excitation of the 5–20 Hz band seismic signals. d Raw infrasound waveform at KSRH