Fig. 6From: Comparison of different machine learning approaches for tropospheric profiling based on COSMIC-2 dataOverall validation results for temperature (top), pressure (middle) and water vapor partial pressure (bottom). Vertical RMSE (a–c) and mean differences (d–f) profiles are obtained using ANN (blue lines) and RF (green lines) models with bending angle (solid lines) and refractivity (dashed lines) inputs, official CDAAC wetPf2 product (orange lines) and 477 co-located RAOBS with co-location criteria of 70 km and 2 h time windowBack to article page