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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 4 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 4

From: Simulation of great earthquakes along the Nankai Trough: reproduction of event history, slip areas of the Showa Tonankai and Nankai earthquakes, heterogeneous slip-deficit rates, and long-term slow slip events

Fig. 4

Parameter settings. a Three-dimensional plate boundary, represented by 13,604 triangular cells. Vertical dimension is exaggerated. Broken gray lines are depth contours of the top of the subducting Philippine Sea plate (Hirose et al. 2008). b Cross section along the green line in d showing the plate interface in the model (blue) and the actual plate interface shallower than 10 km (red). c–f Map views of c plate convergence rate \({V}^{\mathrm{pl}}\); d friction parameter (\(a-b\)); e effective normal stress \({\sigma }^{\mathrm{eff}}\), and (f) characteristic displacement \(L\) (note that the color scale is not linear); d–f show the parameter settings of the best model. The red arrow in c indicates the average direction of movement of the Philippine Sea plate relative to the continental plate used in this study. The numbered polygons in e, f are assigned specific values, and the dots are reference points. Other symbols are as shown in Fig. 2

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