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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 1 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 1

From: Occurrence features of intermediate descending layer and Sporadic E observed over the higher mid-latitude ionospheric station of Moscow

Fig. 1

Representative average HTI plots in Moscow for: a December, b January, c February, d March, e April, f May, g June, h July, i August, j September, k October and l November. The frequency band used for each plot is 2–4 MHz. Light blue lines are drawn to help the reader identify easier IDLs and Es descent. The observed periodicity of IDLs and Es oscillations for each month is also written on the top right of each panel

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