Fig. 2
From: Dynamic nucleation as a cascade-up of earthquakes depending on rupture propagation velocity
Example of the simulated rupture velocity with rupture growth for an anti-plane case. The distance, r, and time are given by discrete units. The rupture velocity, \({v}_{i}\), is normalized by shear-wave velocity, \({v}_{s}\), in the upper panel. Small fluctuation in the velocity is due to quantization in space and time. The bold black and thick gray curves correspond to the rupture front (leading edge) and cohesive zone end (trailing edge), respectively. The theoretical \({R}_{C}^{sta}\) is indicated by vertical dashed line. The artificial effect of sudden rupture onset disappears quickly by \(r/{R}_{C}^{sta}\sim 0.2\), and the rupture velocity then remains quasi-constant until \(r/{R}_{C}^{sta}\sim 0.7\). The rupture velocity drops suddenly at around \(r/{R}_{C}^{sta}\sim 0.8\), because we introduce a fracture energy step, which controls the successful/unsuccessful rupture growth on the target region. This size is not always the same as \({R}_{C}^{sta}\)