Table 3 Summary of methods applied in the blind prediction of step-3
Team | Prediction | Methods | Earthquake | Nonlinearity | Subsurface structure | Reliable frequency range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 2D-FDM | Foreshock | Yes | 1D (Preferred model) + 2D (JIVSM) | 0.1–10 Hz |
2 | 2D-FDM | Foreshock | Yes | 1D (Preferred model) + 2D (JIVSM) | 0.1–10 Hz | |
2 | 3 | Empirical non-linear transfer function | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | – | Whole frequency range |
3 | 4 | Equivalent–linear (1D) | Foreshock | Yes | 1D (Own model in BP1) | 0.1–20 Hz |
5 | Nonlinear (1D) | Foreshock | Yes | 1D (Own model in BP1) | 0.1–30 Hz | |
4 | 6 | Nonlinear (1D) | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | 1D (Own model in BP1) | 0.1–25 Hz |
5 | 7 | Stochastic approach | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | 1D (Own model in BP1) | 0.25–25 Hz |
6 | 8 | Hybrid (Nonlinear 1D + EGF + DWN) | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | 1D (PS logging and own estimated model) | 0.05–10 Hz |
7 | 9 | Empirical non-linear transfer function | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | – | Whole frequency range |
8 | 10 | Empirical Green's Function | Foreshock/mainshock | No | – | 0.2–10 Hz |
9 | 11 | Effective stress analysis (1D) | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | 1D (PS logging) | 0.1–10 Hz |
10 | 12 | Hybrid (1D + 3D-FDM) | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | 1D (Own model in BP1) + 3D (JIVSM) | 0.1–20 Hz |
11 | 13 | Equivalent–linear (1D) | Mainshock | Yes | 1D (Preferred model) | up to 20 Hz |
12 | 14 | Hybrid (Stochastic Green's Function + Equivalent–linear 1D | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | 1D (Preferred model) | 0.5–10 Hz |
13 | 15 | Deffuse Field concept | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | 1D (Own estimated model) | 0.1–20 Hz |
14 | 16 | Physics-based simulation | Foreshock/mainshock | Yes | 1D (Own estimated model) | 0.01–50 Hz |