Fig. 1
a Map of Sea of Japan. Blue and red stars indicate the epicenters of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake and past major earthquakes, respectively. The focal mechanisms for the 1940 and the 1964 earthquakes are from Satake (1986) and Abe (1975), respectively, and the ones for the 1983 and the 1993 earthquakes are from the Global CMT. The thin gray rectangles and line segments indicate the 60 fault models by MLIT. Location of NOWPHAS wave gauges (WG, blue squares) and tide gauges (TG, triangles) at which tsunami records from the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake were collected. Yellow corresponds to UNESCO/IOC, purple to GSI, and light blue to KHOA tide stations. Colorless triangles indicate tide stations for which no data were obtained. Regular font corresponds to the station name used in the inversions, and narrow italic corresponds to the station name not used in the inversions. The black rectangle shows the extent of the magnified area in b enlarged area around Noto Peninsula. The black rectangles show 7 fault models by JSPJ (NT6 was slightly modified in this study), and the gray rectangles show 4 fault models by MLIT. Blue pentagons indicate the aftershocks between January 1 and 31 with MJMA > 6. Dark yellow, light blue, and green stars indicate the epicenters of the past earthquakes that occurred near Noto Peninsula. Aftershocks of MJMA 3 or higher (period: 2024/1/1-1/17) by JMA are indicated by red circles. The focal mechanism of the 1993 earthquake is from the Global CMT, and the other earthquakes, including the 2024 mainshock, are from the USGS W-phase solutions