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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 1. | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 1.

From: Magnitude determination using duration of high frequency energy radiation and displacement amplitude: application to the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake

Fig. 1.

Examples of measurements of HFER for the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. The upper, middle, and lower three traces are the results for three stations, QIZ, CTAO, and MIDW, respectively. The epicentral distances and azimuths are 34.2 and 245.0 degrees for QIZ, 58.2 and 175.7 degrees for CTAO, and 34.8 and 94.6 degrees for MIDW, respectively. For each station, three traces are shown; they are an observed seismogram (upper trace), a time series of squares of band-pass (2–4 Hz) filtered seismogram (middle trace), and its smoothed time series normalized by the maximum value (lower trace), respectively. “A” and “F” in the smoothed time series denote the arrivals of P-waves and the estimated ends of HFER, respectively.

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