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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 3. | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 3.

From: Ionospheric multiple stratifications and irregularities induced by the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake

Fig. 3.

(a) Sketch of ionogram O-mode trace (solid line) and synthesized X-mode trace (dotted line) from the real height density profile; (b) real height density profile (red line) converted from the scaled O-mode trace shown in panel (a) using POLAN. The blue thin line is the density profile for 1445:45 JST for reference. The electron density is represented by the corresponding plasma frequency (, where ne is the electron density in [m−3]) to relate the ionogram and the density profile.

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