Earth, Planets and Space

Table 1. Summary of disturbance signatures.

From: Ionospheric multiple stratifications and irregularities induced by the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake

Station	Distance (km)	Time*
Station	Distance (km)	1500	1515	1530	1545	1600	1615	1630
Kokubunji	440	Irreg.	—	—	—	—	—	—
Wakkanai	870	Cusp	Cusp	Cusp	Cusp	Wavy	Wavy	Wavy
Yamagawa	1410	Cusp	Wavy	Cusp	Wavy	—	—	—
Okinawa	1910	Wavy	Wavy	Cusp	—	—	—	—

*;The actual observation times are shifted depending on the station, see the text for details.
“Irreg.”, “Cusp”, and “Wav y” stand for irregular distortion of the trace, steep cusp signature, and consecutive weak cusp signature in the ionogram.

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