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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 4. | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 4.

From: Strain anomalies induced by the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake (Mw 9.0) as observed by a dense GPS network in northeastern Japan

Fig. 4.

(a) Horizontal displacement induced by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. The reference site is a GEONET site, 1093. Black and white arrows represent observed and calculated horizontal displacement vectors from the simple fault model, respectively. The two rectangles with a solid line indicating an upper fault edge represent the surface projection of the estimated fault model. The focal mechanism solution of the mainshock provided by a W-phase analysis (http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2011/usc0001xgp/neic_c0001xgp_wmt.php) is shown at the epicenter. Solid gray lines indicate plate boundaries after Bird (2003). PA, OK, and AM are abbreviations for the Pacific, Okhotsk, and Amurian plates, respectively. (b) Dilatation strain (color, positive value means expansion) and principal strain axis (vectors) calculated from coseismic displacement.

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