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Table 1 Means and RMS errors obtained for the each Swarm satellite and the whole Swarm dataset

From: Bootstrapping Swarm and observatory data to generate candidates for the DGRF and IGRF-13

DGRF parent model

Swarm A

North X

East Y

Vertical Z

Non-polar F

Polar F

# data

2,260,317

2,260,317

2,260,317

2,260,317

1,345,422

Mean (nT)

0.05

− 0.53

− 0.13

− 0.03

− 0.10

RMS (nT)

4.06

4.00

3.14

3.28

12.17

Swarm B

North X

East Y

Vertical Z

Non-polar F

Polar F

# data

2,214,244

2,214,244

2,214,244

2,214,244

1,436,606

Mean (nT)

− 0.03

− 0.34

0.16

0.01

0.17

RMS (nT)

4.13

4.24

3.01

3.19

10.95

Swarm C

North X

East Y

Vertical Z

Non-polar F

Polar F

# data

2,229,656

2,229,656

2,229,656

2,229,656

1,319,945

Mean (nT)

0.14

− 0.29

− 0.14

0.00

0.10

RMS (nT)

4.10

3.99

3.16

3.33

12.24

All Swarm

North X

East Y

Vertical Z

Non-polar F

Polar F

# data

6,704,217

6,704,217

6,704,217

6,704,217

4,101,973

Mean (nT)

0.05

− 0.38

− 0.03

0.00

0.10

RMS (nT)

4.09

4.07

3.10

3.26

11.78

IGRF parent model

Swarm A

North X

East Y

Vertical Z

Non-polar F

Polar F

# data

3,657,693

3,657,693

3,657,693

3,657,693

2,217,448

Mean (nT)

− 0.09

0.51

− 0.27

− 0.31

− 0.61

RMS (nT)

4.89

3.43

3.26

3.79

13.04

Swarm B

North X

East Y

Vertical Z

Non-polar F

Polar F

# data

3,608,339

3,608,339

3,608,339

3,608,339

2,198,427

Mean (nT)

0.16

0.14

− 0.01

0.06

0.23

RMS (nT)

4.97

3.85

2.79

3.60

12.63

Swarm C

North X

East Y

Vertical Z

Non-polar F

Polar F

# data

3,723,674

3,723,674

3,723,674

3,723,674

2,234,010

Mean (nT)

0.03

-0.05

− 0.36

− 0.01

− 0.09

RMS (nT)

4.82

3.32

3.34

3.79

12.67

All Swarm

North X

East Y

Vertical Z

Non-polar F

Polar F

# data

10,989,706

10,989,706

10,989,706

10,989,706

6,649,885

Mean (nT)

0.03

0.20

− 0.21

− 0.08

− 0.15

RMS (nT)

4.89

3.53

3.13

3.72

12.78

  1. “# data” means the number of data of the considered geomagnetic element