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Frontier Letters

A Frontier letter is a letter on frontier research which is invited by the Editor-in-Chief. 

  1. Since the Mw 7.9 Gorkha earthquake of April 25, 2015, the seismicity of central and western Nepalese Himalaya has been monitored by an increasing number of permanent seismic stations. These instruments contribute...

    Authors: Bharat Prasad Koirala, Marine Laporte, Laurent Bollinger, Daria Batteux, Jean Letort, Aurélie Guilhem Trilla, Nicolas Wendling-Vazquez, Mukunda Bhattarai, Shiba Subedi and Lok Bijaya Adhikari
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2023 75:165
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  2. Slow earthquakes occur at deep and shallow plate boundaries along the Nankai Trough. Deep slow earthquakes are continuously distributed along the 30–40 km depth contours of the upper surface of the subducted P...

    Authors: Shunsuke Takemura, Yohei Hamada, Hanaya Okuda, Yutaro Okada, Kurama Okubo, Takeshi Akuhara, Akemi Noda and Takashi Tonegawa
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2023 75:164
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  3. Hydrothermal systems can generate phreatic and/or phreatomagmatic explosions with little warning. Understanding the temporal and spatial evolution of geophysical and geochemical signals at hydrothermal systems...

    Authors: Sophie Pailot-Bonnétat, Victoria Rafflin, Andrew Harris, Iole Serena Diliberto, Gaetana Ganci, Guiseppe Bilotta, Annalisa Cappello, Guillaume Boudoire, Fausto Grassa, Alessandro Gattuso and Michael Ramsey
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2023 75:159
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  4. It has long been known that field-aligned irregularities within equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) can cause long-range propagation of radio waves in the VHF frequencies such as those used for TV broadcasting th...

    Authors: Keisuke Hosokawa, Susumu Saito, Hiroyuki Nakata, Chien-Hung Lin, Jia-Ting Lin, Pornchai Supnithi, Ichiro Tomizawa, Jun Sakai, Toru Takahashi, Takuya Tsugawa, Michi Nishioka and Mamoru Ishii
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2023 75:152
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  5. Following the 1923 Kanto earthquake in Japan, Japanese researchers noticed the strong effects of surface geology on seismic motion (ESG) and began to investigate these effects to quantify the site amplificatio...

    Authors: Hiroshi Kawase, Kenichi Nakano, Fumiaki Nagashima, Eri Ito, Jikai Sun and Ziqian Wang
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2023 75:95
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  6. The station coordinates derived from GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) with a conventional static method underpin the study of Earth and planetary science and surveying and mapping. For the continuous ...

    Authors: Naofumi Takamatsu, Hiroki Muramatsu, Satoshi Abe, Yuki Hatanaka, Tomoaki Furuya, Yasuaki Kakiage, Kazuyuki Ohashi, Chiaki Kato, Keitaro Ohno and Satoshi Kawamoto
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2023 75:49
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  7. Hayabusa2 spacecraft successfully collected rock samples from the surface of C-type near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu through two touchdowns and brought them back to Earth in 2020. At the Extraterrestrial Sampl...

    Authors: Aiko Nakato, Toru Yada, Masahiro Nishimura, Kasumi Yogata, Akiko Miyazaki, Kana Nagashima, Kentaro Hatakeda, Kazuya Kumagai, Yuya Hitomi, Hiromichi Soejima, Jean-Pierre Bibring, Cedric Pilorget, Vincent Hamm, Rosario Brunetto, Lucie Riu, Lionel Lourit…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2023 75:45
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  8. Electric and magnetic field data from the Swarm constellation mission are used to report on the Poynting flux associated with postsunset topside equatorial spread F. A three-dimensional numerical simulation of pl...

    Authors: J. Rodríguez-Zuluaga, C. Stolle, D. Hysell and D. J. Knudsen
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2022 74:119
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  9. Martian moons exploration, MMX, is the new sample return mission planned by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) targeting the two Martian moons with the scheduled launch in 2024 and return to the Ear...

    Authors: Kiyoshi Kuramoto, Yasuhiro Kawakatsu, Masaki Fujimoto, Akito Araya, Maria Antonietta Barucci, Hidenori Genda, Naru Hirata, Hitoshi Ikeda, Takeshi Imamura, Jörn Helbert, Shingo Kameda, Masanori Kobayashi, Hiroki Kusano, David J. Lawrence, Koji Matsumoto, Patrick Michel…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2022 74:12
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  10. The Whakaari/White Island volcano, located ~ 50 km off the east coast of the North Island in New Zealand, has experienced sequences of quiescence, unrest, magmatic and phreatic eruptions over the last decades....

    Authors: Corentin Caudron, Társilo Girona, Arthur Jolly, Bruce Christenson, Martha Kane Savage, Roberto Carniel, Thomas Lecocq, Ben Kennedy, Ivan Lokmer, Alexander Yates, Ian Hamling, Iseul Park, Geoff Kilgour and Agnès Mazot
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:195
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  11. Each International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) model released under the auspices of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy comprises a secular variation component that describes the ...

    Authors: Alexandre Fournier, Julien Aubert, Vincent Lesur and Erwan Thébault
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:190
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  12. Discovering such structures as the third radiation belt (or “storage ring”) has been a major observational achievement of the NASA Radiation Belt Storm Probes program (renamed the “Van Allen Probes” mission in...

    Authors: Daniel N. Baker
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:189
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  13. Although solar activity may significantly impact the global environment and socioeconomic systems, the mechanisms for solar eruptions and the subsequent processes have not yet been fully understood. Thus, mode...

    Authors: Kanya Kusano, Kiyoshi Ichimoto, Mamoru Ishii, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Shigeo Yoden, Hideharu Akiyoshi, Ayumi Asai, Yusuke Ebihara, Hitoshi Fujiwara, Tada-Nori Goto, Yoichiro Hanaoka, Hisashi Hayakawa, Keisuke Hosokawa, Hideyuki Hotta, Kornyanat Hozumi, Shinsuke Imada…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:159
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  14. Nonlinear processes associated with the generation process of whistler-mode chorus emissions are summarized. The nonlinear dynamics of energetic electrons interacting with a coherent whistler-mode wave and the...

    Authors: Yoshiharu Omura
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:95
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:121

  15. National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) integrated the land observation networks established since the 1995 Kobe earthquake with the seafloor observation networks establish...

    Authors: Shin Aoi, Youichi Asano, Takashi Kunugi, Takeshi Kimura, Kenji Uehira, Narumi Takahashi, Hideki Ueda, Katsuhiko Shiomi, Takumi Matsumoto and Hiroyuki Fujiwara
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:126
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  16. Interferograms pertaining to large earthquakes typically reveal the occurrence of elastic deformations caused by the earthquake along with several complex surface displacements. In this study, we identified di...

    Authors: Satoshi Fujiwara, Takayuki Nakano and Yu Morishita
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:119
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  20. Here, I review modern history of geodesy and geodynamics in Japan, highlighting a few episodes during the last two centuries. The review starts with the first measurement of the meridional arc length in Japan ...

    Authors: Kosuke Heki
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:38
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  21. Observations by six Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) polar cap radars, three in the northern hemisphere and three in the southern hemispheres, are considered to assess F region echo occurrence rate...

    Authors: Alexander V. Koustov, Sydney Ullrich, Pavlo V. Ponomarenko, Nozomu Nishitani, Federica M. Marcucci and William A. Bristow
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:112
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  22. The Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake (M = 6.7) occurred on Sep. 6, 2018 in the southern part of Central Hokkaido, Japan. Since Paleogene, this region has experienced the dextral oblique transpression between the...

    Authors: Takaya Iwasaki, Noriko Tsumura, Tanio Ito, Kazunori Arita, Matsubara Makoto, Hiroshi Sato, Eiji Kurashimo, Naoshi Hirata, Susumu Abe, Katsuya Noda, Akira Fujiwara, Shinsuke Kikuchi and Kazuko Suzuki
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:103
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:39

  23. The 2014–2015 eruption of the Nakadake first crater at Aso Volcano in southwestern Japan was characterized by continuous ash emissions and intermittent strombolian eruptions. In this paper, we present the dist...

    Authors: Yasuo Miyabuchi and Chihoko Hara
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:44
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  24. Results from the first VHF profiler research radar in Costa Rica, operating at a central radar frequency of 46.6 MHz, are presented. Emphasis has been on studies of scattering layers detected in the altitude r...

    Authors: Marcial Garbanzo-Salas and Wayne Hocking
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:6
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  26. Investigations of superchrons are the key to understanding long-term changes of the geodynamo and the mantle’s controlling role. Granitic rocks could be good recorders of deep-time geomagnetic field behavior, ...

    Authors: Chie Kato, Masahiko Sato, Yuhji Yamamoto, Hideo Tsunakawa and Joseph L. Kirschvink
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:176
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  27. High-latitude, small-scale plasma density irregularities are observed by the Advanced Land Observation Satellite 2, Phase Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar-2 and the European Incoherent Scatter radar ...

    Authors: Hiroatsu Sato, Jun Su Kim, Norbert Jakowski and Ingemar Häggström
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:163
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  29. A simple and rapid technique to effectively remove volcanic smoke (vapor-dominated white plume) from visible or thermal infrared images of active craters is proposed, in which multiple photographs taken in a f...

    Authors: Takeshi Hashimoto, Akihiko Terada and Ryo Tanaka
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:109
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  30. The uppermost structures of incoming oceanic plates have been investigated by seismic exploration surveys, primarily based on two-dimensional profiles. However, their regional-scale lateral variations and shea...

    Authors: Takashi Tonegawa, Koichiro Obana, Gou Fujie and Shuichi Kodaira
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:106
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  32. A hot and acid crater lake is located in the Nakadake crater, Aso volcano, Japan. The volume of water in the lake decreases with increasing activity, drying out prior to the magmatic eruptions. Salt-rich mater...

    Authors: Hiroshi Shinohara, Nobuo Geshi, Akihiko Yokoo, Takahiro Ohkura and Akihiko Terada
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:46
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  33. The first year (December 2015 to November 2016) of IR2 after Akatsuki’s successful insertion to an elongated elliptical orbit around Venus is reported with performance evaluation and results of data acquisitio...

    Authors: Takehiko Satoh, Takao M. Sato, Masato Nakamura, Yasumasa Kasaba, Munetaka Ueno, Makoto Suzuki, George L. Hashimoto, Takeshi Horinouchi, Takeshi Imamura, Atsushi Yamazaki, Takayuki Enomoto, Yuri Sakurai, Kosuke Takami, Kenta Sawai, Takashi Nakakushi, Takumi Abe…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:154
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  34. We report on the large-scale evolution of dipolarization in the near-Earth plasma sheet during an intense (AL ~ −1000 nT) substorm on August 10, 2016, when multiple spacecraft at radial distances between 4 and...

    Authors: Rumi Nakamura, Tsugunobu Nagai, Joachim Birn, Victor A. Sergeev, Olivier Le Contel, Ali Varsani, Wolfgang Baumjohann, Takuma Nakamura, Sergey Apatenkov, Anton Artemyev, Robert E. Ergun, Stephen A. Fuselier, Daniel J. Gershman, Barbara J. Giles, Yuri V. Khotyaintsev, Per-Arne Lindqvist…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:129
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  35. Jupiter’s moon Io, which orbits deep inside the magnetosphere, is the most geologically active object in the solar system. Kurdalagon Patera, a volcano on Io, erupted in 2015 and became a substantial source of...

    Authors: Ichiro Yoshikawa, Fumiharu Suzuki, Reina Hikida, Kazuo Yoshioka, Go Murakami, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Chihiro Tao, Atsushi Yamazaki, Tomoki Kimura, Hajime Kita, Hiromasa Nozawa and Masaki Fujimoto
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:110
    Content type: Frontier Letter Published on:

  36. A laser strainmeter with a 1500-m baseline was constructed at an underground site in Kamioka, Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and has been operating since August 2016. The laser interferometer measures the change in d...

    Authors: Akito Araya, Akiteru Takamori, Wataru Morii, Kouseki Miyo, Masatake Ohashi, Kazuhiro Hayama, Takashi Uchiyama, Shinji Miyoki and Yoshio Saito
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:77
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  38. A simple and efficient finite-difference scheme is developed to calculate seismic wave propagation in a partial spherical shell model of a three-dimensionally (3-D) heterogeneous global Earth structure for mod...

    Authors: Hiroshi Takenaka, Masanao Komatsu, Genti Toyokuni, Takeshi Nakamura and Taro Okamoto
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:67
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  39. This study develops a three-dimensional viscoelastic model using the finite element method to understand the postseismic deformation that followed the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. The question of understanding ...

    Authors: Hisashi Suito
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:21
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Earth, Planets and Space 2017 69:55

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