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  2. Crustal architecture strongly influences the development and emplacement of mineral zones. In this study, we image the crustal structure beneath a metallogenic belt and its surroundings in the Bayankhongor are...

    Authors: Matthew J. Comeau, Michael Becken, Alexey V. Kuvshinov and Sodnomsambuu Demberel

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:82

    Content type: Full paper

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  3. Speleothems are ideal archives of environmental magnetism and paleomagnetism, since they retain continuous magnetic signals in stable conditions and can be used for reliable radiometric dating using U-series a...

    Authors: Naoto Fukuyo, Hirokuni Oda, Yusuke Yokoyama, Geoffrey Clark and Yuhji Yamamoto

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:77

    Content type: Express Letter

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  4. Magnetotelluric (MT) data processing can increase the reliability of measured data. Traditional MT data denoising methods are usually applied to entire MT time-series, which results in the loss of useful MT si...

    Authors: Xian Zhang, Jin Li, Diquan Li, Yong Li, Bei Liu and Yanfang Hu

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:76

    Content type: Full paper

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  5. We use 20 years of continuous magnetic field measurements from the Ørsted, CHAMP and Swarm satellite missions, supplemented by calibrated platform magnetometer data from the CryoSat-2 satellite, to study time var...

    Authors: Magnus D. Hammer, Christopher C. Finlay and Nils Olsen

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:73

    Content type: Full paper

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  6. This study presents results of mapping three-dimensional (3-D) variations of the electrical conductivity in depths ranging from 400 to 1200 km using 6 years of magnetic data from the Swarm and CryoSat-2 satellite...

    Authors: Alexey Kuvshinov, Alexander Grayver, Lars Tøffner-Clausen and Nils Olsen

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:67

    Content type: Full paper

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  7. This paper describes and discusses the preprocessing and calibration of the magnetic data taken by the navigational magnetometers onboard the two GRACE satellites, with focus on the almost 10 years period from...

    Authors: Nils Olsen

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:62

    Content type: Full paper

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  8. In the present work, we evaluate the accuracy of the Solar Quiet Reference Field (SQRF) model for estimating and predicting the geomagnetic solar quiet (Sq) daily field variation in the South America Magnetic ...

    Authors: Sony Su Chen, Clezio Marcos Denardini, Láysa Cristina Araujo Resende, Ronan Arraes Jardim Chagas, Juliano Moro, Régia Pereira da Silva, Carolina de Sousa do Carmo and Giorgio Arlan da Silva Picanço

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:61

    Content type: Full paper

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  9. We present geomagnetic main field and secular variation time series, at 300 equal-area distributed locations and at 490 km altitude, derived from magnetic field measurements collected by the three Swarm satellite...

    Authors: Magnus D. Hammer, Grace A. Cox, William J. Brown, Ciarán D. Beggan and Christopher C. Finlay

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:54

    Content type: Full paper

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  10. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission carries magnetometers that are dedicated to enhance the satellite’s navigation. After appropriate calibration and characterisation of ar...

    Authors: C. Stolle, I. Michaelis, C. Xiong, M. Rother, Th. Usbeck, Y. Yamazaki, J. Rauberg and K. Styp-Rekowski

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:51

    Content type: Full paper

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  12. In December 2019, the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Division V Working Group (V-MOD) adopted the thirteenth generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF). T...

    Authors: P. Alken, E. Thébault, C. D. Beggan, H. Amit, J. Aubert, J. Baerenzung, T. N. Bondar, W. J. Brown, S. Califf, A. Chambodut, A. Chulliat, G. A. Cox, C. C. Finlay, A. Fournier, N. Gillet, A. Grayver…

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:49

    Content type: Full paper

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  13. In December 2019, the 13th revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was released by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Division V Working Group V-MOD. Thi...

    Authors: P. Alken, E. Thébault, C. D. Beggan, J. Aubert, J. Baerenzung, W. J. Brown, S. Califf, A. Chulliat, G. A. Cox, C. C. Finlay, A. Fournier, N. Gillet, M. D. Hammer, M. Holschneider, G. Hulot, M. Korte…

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:48

    Content type: Technical report

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  14. We have produced a 5-year mean secular variation (SV) of the geomagnetic field for the period 2020–2025. We use the NASA Geomagnetic Ensemble Modeling System (GEMS), which consists of the NASA Goddard geodynam...

    Authors: Andrew Tangborn, Weijia Kuang, Terence J. Sabaka and Ce Yi

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:47

    Content type: Full paper

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  15. The International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) model is a combination of the several models developed by independent groups of scientists using different approaches for the selection of input data and me...

    Authors: Valeriy G. Petrov and Tatyana N. Bondar

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:46

    Content type: Express Letter

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  16. Using magnetic field data from the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) mission, we derive a global geomagnetic field model, which we call the CSES Global Geomagnetic Field Model (CGGM). This model de...

    Authors: Yanyan Yang, Gauthier Hulot, Pierre Vigneron, Xuhui Shen, Zeren Zhima, Bin Zhou, Werner Magnes, Nils Olsen, Lars Tøffner-Clausen, Jianpin Huang, Xuemin Zhang, Shigeng Yuan, Lanwei Wang, Bingjun Cheng, Andreas Pollinger, Roland Lammegger…

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:45

    Content type: Full paper

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  18. This paper describes the design of a candidate secular variation model for the 13th generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field. This candidate is based upon the integration of an ensemble of 1...

    Authors: Alexandre Fournier, Julien Aubert, Vincent Lesur and Guillaume Ropp

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:43

    Content type: Full paper

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  19. The three candidate models submitted by the British Geological Survey for the 13th generation International Geomagnetic Reference Field are described. These DGRF and IGRF models are derived from vector and sca...

    Authors: William J. Brown, Ciarán D. Beggan, Grace A. Cox and Susan Macmillan

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:42

    Content type: Full paper

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  20. The South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) is a region at Earth’s surface where the intensity of the magnetic field is particularly low. Accurate characterization of the SAA is important for both fundamental understandi...

    Authors: Hagay Amit, Filipe Terra-Nova, Maxime Lézin and Ricardo I. Trindade

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:38

    Content type: Full paper

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  21. The magnetotelluric method is increasingly being used to monitor electrical resistivity changes in the subsurface. One of the preferred parameters derived from the surface impedance is the strike direction, wh...

    Authors: Ana G. Bravo-Osuna, Enrique Gómez-Treviño, Olaf J. Cortés-Arroyo, Nestor F. Delgadillo-Jauregui and Rocío F. Arellano-Castro

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:34

    Content type: Full paper

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  22. Models of the geomagnetic field rely on magnetic data of high spatial and temporal resolution to give an accurate picture of the Earth’s internal magnetic field and its time-dependence. The magnetic data from ...

    Authors: Clemens Kloss, Christopher C. Finlay and Nils Olsen

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:23

    Content type: Full paper

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  23. Taking into account the motional induction effect, in which the Earth crust that has finite electrical conductivity vibrates in the ambient geomagnetic field resulting in motionally induced electric current, w...

    Authors: Yao-Chong Sun, Hengxin Ren, Ken’ichi Yamazaki, Ling Zeng, Qinghua Huang and Xiaofei Chen

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:20

    Content type: Full paper

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  25. Crustal earthquake ruptures tend to initiate near fluid-rich zones. However, it is relatively unknown whether fluid-rich zones can further promote or arrest these ruptures. We image the electrical resistivity ...

    Authors: Koki Aizawa, Shinichi Takakura, Hisafumi Asaue, Katsuaki Koike, Ryokei Yoshimura, Ken’ichi Yamazaki, Shintaro Komatsu, Mitsuru Utsugi, Hiroyuki Inoue, Kaori Tsukamoto, Makoto Uyeshima, Takao Koyama, Wataru Kanda, Tohru Yoshinaga, Nobuo Matsushima, Kazunari Uchida…

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:12

    Content type: Express Letter

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  26. To analyze the process of subduction of the Nazca and South American plates in the area of the Southern Andes, and its relationship with the tectonic and volcanic regime of the place, magnetotelluric measureme...

    Authors: Maria Jose Segovia, Daniel Diaz, Katarzyna Slezak and Felipe Zuñiga

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:5

    Content type: Full paper

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  28. Vertical magnetic transfer functions (tippers) estimated at island observatories can constrain the one-dimensional (1-D) conductivity distribution of the oceanic lithosphere and upper mantle. This is feasible ...

    Authors: Rafael Rigaud, Mikhail Kruglyakov, Alexey Kuvshinov, Katia J. Pinheiro, Johannes Petereit, Juergen Matzka and Elena Marshalko

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:3

    Content type: Full paper

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  29. Chemical stratigraphy is useful for dating deep-sea sediments, which sometimes lack radiometric or biostratigraphic constraints. Oxic pelagic clay contains Fe–Mn oxyhydroxides that can retain seawater 187Os/188Os...

    Authors: Yoichi Usui and Toshitsugu Yamazaki

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2021 73:2

    Content type: Express Letter

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  31. Thermal demagnetization furnaces are widely used paleomagnetic facilities for progressive removal of naturally acquired magnetic remanence or the imparting of well-controlled laboratory magnetization. An ideal...

    Authors: Huafeng Qin, Xiang Zhao, Shuangchi Liu, Greig A. Paterson, Zhaoxia Jiang, Shuhui Cai, Jinhua Li, Qingsong Liu and Rixiang Zhu

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:170

    Content type: Technical report

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  32. We present a new model of the geomagnetic field spanning the last 20 years and called Kalmag. Deriving from the assimilation of CHAMP and Swarm vector field measurements, it separates the different contributio...

    Authors: Julien Baerenzung, Matthias Holschneider, Johannes Wicht, Vincent Lesur and Sabrina Sanchez

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:163

    Content type: Full paper

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  33. We present the geomagnetic field model COV-OBS.x2 that covers the period 1840–2020. It is primarily constrained by observatory series, satellite data, plus older surveys. Over the past two decades, we consider...

    Authors: Loïc Huder, Nicolas Gillet, Christopher C. Finlay, Magnus D. Hammer and Hervé Tchoungui

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:160

    Content type: Full paper

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  34. The IGRF offers an important incentive for testing algorithms predicting the Earth’s magnetic field changes, known as secular variation (SV), in a 5-year range. Here, we present a SV candidate model for the 13...

    Authors: Sabrina Sanchez, Johannes Wicht and Julien Bärenzung

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:157

    Content type: Full paper

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  35. Observations of the geomagnetic field taken at Earth’s surface and at satellite altitude are combined to construct continuous models of the geomagnetic field and its secular variation from 1957 to 2020. From t...

    Authors: I. Wardinski, D. Saturnino, H. Amit, A. Chambodut, B. Langlais, M. Mandea and E. Thébault

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:155

    Content type: Full paper

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  36. We describe a new, original approach to the modelling of the Earth’s magnetic field. The overall objective of this study is to reliably render fast variations of the core field and its secular variation. This ...

    Authors: Guillaume Ropp, Vincent Lesur, Julien Baerenzung and Matthias Holschneider

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:153

    Content type: Full paper

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  37. As posted by the Working Group V of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA), the 13th generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) has been released at the end o...

    Authors: F. Javier Pavón-Carrasco, Santiago Marsal, J. Miquel Torta, Manuel Catalán, Fátima Martín-Hernández and J. Manuel Tordesillas

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:152

    Content type: Full paper

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  38. We present the CHAOS-7 model of the time-dependent near-Earth geomagnetic field between 1999 and 2020 based on magnetic field observations collected by the low-Earth orbit satellites Swarm, CryoSat-2, CHAMP, SAC-...

    Authors: Christopher C. Finlay, Clemens Kloss, Nils Olsen, Magnus D. Hammer, Lars Tøffner-Clausen, Alexander Grayver and Alexey Kuvshinov

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:156

    Content type: Full paper

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  39. Reductive dissolution of magnetite is known to occur below the Fe-redox boundary in sediments. In this study, detailed processes associated with biogenic magnetite dissolution are documented. A sediment core f...

    Authors: Toshitsugu Yamazaki

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:150

    Content type: Express Letter

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  40. Earth’s internal magnetic field is generated through motion of the electrically conductive iron-alloy fluid comprising its outer core. Temporal variability of this magnetic field, termed secular variation (SV)...

    Authors: Maurits C. Metman, Ciarán D. Beggan, Philip W. Livermore and Jonathan E. Mound

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:149

    Content type: Full paper

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  41. The impedance tensor and tipper are shown to be non-causal in some classes of 2-D and 3-D magnetotelluric (MT) models, including those widely encountered off shore. At the same time, examination of a large dat...

    Authors: Nikita Zorin, Dmitry Alekseev, Dmitrii Epishkin, Hisayoshi Shimizu, Denis Yakovlev and Sergey Zaytsev

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:139

    Content type: Full paper

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  42. We have submitted a secular variation (SV) candidate model for the thirteenth generation of International Geomagnetic Reference Field model (IGRF-13) using a data assimilation scheme and a magnetohydrodynamic ...

    Authors: Takuto Minami, Shin’ya Nakano, Vincent Lesur, Futoshi Takahashi, Masaki Matsushima, Hisayoshi Shimizu, Ryosuke Nakashima, Hinami Taniguchi and Hiroaki Toh

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:136

    Content type: Full paper

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  43. Red clay widely occupies the seafloor of pelagic environments in middle latitudes, and potentially preserves long paleoceanographic records. We conducted a rock-magnetic study of Pacific Ocean red clay to eluc...

    Authors: Toshitsugu Yamazaki, Wei Fu, Takaya Shimono and Yoichi Usui

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:120

    Content type: Full paper

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  44. Nishinoshima is an active oceanic island arc volcano situated approximately 1000 km south of Tokyo, Japan. Since 2016, marine electromagnetic observations using ocean bottom electromagnetometers have been cond...

    Authors: Kiyoshi Baba, Noriko Tada, Hiroshi Ichihara, Yozo Hamano, Hiroko Sugioka, Takao Koyama, Akimichi Takagi and Minoru Takeo

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:112

    Content type: Express Letter

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  45. The objective of this contribution is to get new insights into the effects of magnetic field variations of natural and anthropogenic origin on broad-band seismic stations. Regarding natural sources of magnetic...

    Authors: J. Díaz, M. Ruiz, J. J. Curto, J. M. Torta, J. Ledo, A. Marcuello and P. Queralt

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:109

    Content type: Full paper

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  46. Spatial gradients in the primary geomagnetic fields directly contribute to both the amplitudes and phases of inter-station transfer functions (IS-TFs). This suggests that, for the analysis of subsurface resist...

    Authors: Shinya Sato, Tada-nori Goto and Katsuaki Koike

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:105

    Content type: Full paper

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  47. An inclusive rock-magnetic and absolute paleointensity survey of the ~ 2-ka-old Xitle volcano (southerly Basin of Mexico) was undertaken to assess the faithfulness of the paleomagnetic log carried by fresh, wi...

    Authors: Juan Morales, Nayeli Pérez-Rodríguez, Avto Goguitchaichvili and Miguel Cervantes-Solano

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:101

    Content type: Full paper

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  48. The central Australian Musgrave Province at the junction of the South, North and West Australian cratons has undergone and continues to retain evidence of significant whole-of-crust, and most likely ‘whole-of-...

    Authors: Stephan Thiel, Bruce R. Goleby, Mark J. Pawley and Graham Heinson

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:98

    Content type: Full paper

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  49. From the launch of the Ørsted satellite in 1999, through the CHAMP mission from 2000 to 2010, and now with the Swarm constellation mission starting in 2013, satellite magnetometry has provided excellent monito...

    Authors: Terence J. Sabaka, Lars Tøffner-Clausen, Nils Olsen and Christopher C. Finlay

    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:80

    Content type: Full paper

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