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The International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) for 1900–2000 is testedin this paper. A peculiar behaviour is found in the time variations of higher-degree coefficients of the IGRF models. During the 1945...
The scalar anomaly field determined from available Ørsted data is compared with the upward continued scalar anomaly field derived from Magsat data. Two techniques were used to remove the core field from the Ør...
The IGRF coefficients inevitably differ from the true values. Estimates are made of the their uncertainties by comparing IGRF and DGRF models with ones produced later. For simplicity, the uncertainties are sum...
Olsen’s method (Olsen, 1996) is applied to Magsat magnetic field data to deduce average quiet-time and active-time ionospheric current systems at middle to high North and South latitudes. Spot magnetic field v...
Analysis of data from the Ørsted satellite indicates that the largest source of error arises from an anisotropic attitude uncertainty, related to poorly determined rotation about the axis of the star imager. F...
On this occasion the selection of the IGRF for 2000 was left to a small Task Force. Before it was accepted by the Task Force as IGRF 2000, the final candidate model (a truncated version of Ørsted(10c/99)) was ...
The IGRF 2000 has been estimated from magnetic measurements taken by the Ørsted sattelite in summer 1999. For this purpose, three models have been derived: The first two models were estimated using a few geoma...
At its meeting in July 1999, the IAGA Working Group for Analysis of the Global and Regional Geomagnetic Field and Secular Variation (WG V-8) felt unable to decide on a main-field model to use for IGRF 2000. It...
For describing the main field model at the 2000.0 epoch and the secular variation over the 2000–2005 time-span, three candidate models for the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF 2000) were propose...
A global evaluation is made of the four candidate models for IGRF 2000 (main field and secular variation) that were submitted to the IAGA Working Group V-8 by the deadline in February 1999. A description of th...
The method of derivation of the joint UK/US spherical harmonic geomagnetic main-field and secular-variation models is presented. Early versions of these models, with the main field truncated at degree 10, are ...
A candidate main geomagnetic field model for epoch 2000, and a secular variation model for the period 2000–2005, are proposed. The main field model is to degree and order 10, the secular variation one to degre...
A new generation of the IZMST series (STM—space-time models based on data from observatories, POGS and Ørsted) was developed as a model of the main geomagnetic field from 1980.0 up to 2000.0. A set of the natu...
The eighth generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was adopted in 1999 by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Division V, Working Group 8. This differs ...
GPS observables taken from light-weight GPS buoys more than 80 km from the GPS reference stations have been analysed using different noise models in the parameter estimation process. The time series solution o...
The applicability of a new inversion method to the Japanese Islands is examined. This method can compute a self-equilibrating stress increment from a strain increment, and the validity of the method is verifie...
Following a scheme developed for a subduction zone by Savage in 1983, which was successfully applied to a transform plate boundary by Matsu’ura and others in 1986, a dislocation model for a plate collision zon...
We developed a new technology for global detection of ionospheric disturbances, on the basis of phase measurements of the total electron content (TEC) along the line-of-sight (LOS) between the receiver on the ...
During the current period of solar maximum, there is concern within the GPS community regarding GPS receiver performance during periods of intense geomagnetic substorms. Such storms are common in the high lati...
Knowledge of the surface velocity and strain of ice shelves is important in determining their present kinematic state and detecting any change in that state. Data collected using the Global Positioning System ...
A working group of the International GPS Service (IGS) was created to look after Reference Frame (RF) issues and contribute to the densification and improvement of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame...
Three-dimensional distributions of water vapor in a mesoscale precipitation system, which developed on 7 July 1996 in the Baiu front, were estimated directly from the GPS data of ‘GPS Earth Observation Network...
We report the delineation of the onset of the Asian Monsoon based on GPS sensing of water vapor in Thailand. We conducted GPS observations at five sites in Thailand since March 1998 under the hydrological proj...
Real-time national Global Positioning System (GPS) networks are being established in a number of countries for atmospheric sensing. UCAR, in collaboration with participating universities, is developing one of ...
The Correction to this article has been published in Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:46
We present results of combining occultation refractivity profiles from GPS/MET with ECMWF global analyses in a 1DVar framework in order to separate the wet and dry contributions to refractivity and assess thei...
Contemporary deformation of the Cascadia forearc consists of an elastic interseismic strain build-up as part of the subduction earthquake deformation “cycle” anda secular deformation primarily in the form ofar...
Based on orbital calculations of Keplerian planetesimals incident on a planet with various initial orbital elements, we develop a numerical model which describes the accretional and dynamical evolution of plan...
Several recent studies have suggested that most of the Dst main phase variations and of the AL variations similarly respond to a certain type of solar wind condition although the processes are independent of each...
The Global Positioning System/Meteorology (GPS/MET) mission has been the first experiment to use a low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellite (the MicroLab-1) to receive multi-channel Global Positioning System (GPS) c...
Rock-magnetic and microscopic studies of the iron ores and associated igneous rocks in the Cerro de Mercado, Mexico, were carried out to determine the magnetic mineralogy and origin of natural remanent magneti...
The processes of acquisition of viscous remanence and its decay in zero magnetic field are studied for three sets of palaeosol and loess samples. A linear behaviour of VRM vs. log t minus is obtained for 10–104 m...
S-waves converted from P-waveat different boundaries inside the earth, i.e., the Moho discontinuity and CMB, are used to determine the distribution of anisotropy in different layers. A clear later phase at approx...
Pseudospectral method is an efficient and high-accuracy numerical modeling technique that has been applied to the simulation of seismic wavefields in realistic models with complex structures such as sedimentar...
An upward beam of hot ions which originates in the ionosphere is commonly observed in and above the region of auroral particle acceleration. Past simulations of the weak double layer (WDL) have only included m...
In recent years, quantitative analysis of the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling and electrodynamics of the polar ionosphere received much attention. Though remarkable progress has been made in this field by us...
The unique network of geomagnetic observatories along 145°E geomagnetic longitude extending from the magnetic equator to the north pole has enabled to study the latitudinal profiles of Storm Sudden Commencemen...
In order to reconsider the mechanism of the self-reversal of TRM (SRTRM) of hemoilmenite in dacite pumice, magnetic properties of newly collected Haruna dacite pumice near the historical sampling site (more th...
Seismic velocity structure of volcanic region is highly heterogeneous so that seismic ray tracer used in this field should be robust for the velocity heterogeneity. From this view point a three-dimensional rob...
Slip complexity of earthquake faults is studied based on an N-degree-of-freedom dynamical spring-slider system in the presence of slip-law-type, velocity- and state-dependent friction. Simulation results based...
In 1992, acomprehensive three-component ocean bottom seismic survey was performed in the central and northern area of the Vøring Basin, offshore mid-Norway, NE Atlantic. An important part of the data acquisiti...
A spatial-temporal model of the daily mean values of the geomagnetic total force field was constructed for Japan for the time interval from 1997 to 1999. The daily mean data of six geomagnetic observatories an...
We estimated the seismic moment tensor for the initial phase of explosion earthquakes associated with Vulcanian explosions at the andesitic volcano Sakurajima. We applied a waveform inversion method to 24 even...
We report on our observation of pulse-like electromagnetic signals in the frequency range 1∼10 kHz that we associate with earthquakes. The severest difficulty in separating earthquake-associated VLF signals fr...
Zircon fission-track (F.T.) ages and paleomagnetic directions were measured on the Neogene series of the Oki-Dogo Island. The results of F.T. dating on the the Tokibariyama Formation show ages of 23.7 ± 1.3 an...
Paleomagnetic data are mostly given in the form of field directions (inclinations and declinations) which depend nonlinearly on the model parameters (Gauss coefficients). Because of this nonlinearity, the mean...
Phase maps for GSI/GEONET (Geographical Survey Institute/GPS Earth Observation NETwork) monuments and antennas obtained in Hatanaka et al. (2001) are evaluated by applying them to the analysis of GEONET. We used ...
Severe, 10-cm level, elevation angle cutoff dependence of the height solution is detected in the analysis of sample baselines from GSI/GEONET (Geographical Survey Institute/GPS Earth Observation NETwork). It i...
We present a method to determine the complex travel times of impulses in the time domain on the basis of an autoregressive (AR) modeling of superimposed sinusoids in a finite complex series in the frequency do...
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