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  1. Statistical distributions are investigated for magnetic storms, sudden commencements (SCs), and substorms to identify the possible amplitude of the one in 100-year and 1000-year events from a limited data set ...

    Authors: Ryuho Kataoka
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:124
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  2. The importance of the investigation of magnetic superstorms is not limited to academic interest, because these superstorms can cause catastrophic impact on the modern civilisation due to our increasing depende...

    Authors: Hisashi Hayakawa, José R. Ribeiro, Yusuke Ebihara, Ana P. Correia and Mitsuru Sôma
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:122
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  3. We investigate the longitudinal structure of the oxygen torus in the inner magnetosphere for a specific event found on 12 September 2017, using simultaneous observations from the Van Allen Probe B and Arase sa...

    Authors: M. Nosé, A. Matsuoka, A. Kumamoto, Y. Kasahara, M. Teramoto, S. Kurita, J. Goldstein, L. M. Kistler, S. Singh, A. Gololobov, K. Shiokawa, S. Imajo, S. Oimatsu, K. Yamamoto, Y. Obana, M. Shoji…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:111
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  4. We examined how much large-scale and localized upward and downward currents contribute to the substorm current wedge (SCW), and how they evolve over time, using the THEMIS all-sky imagers (ASIs) and ground mag...

    Authors: Y. Nishimura, L. R. Lyons, C. Gabrielse, J. M. Weygand, E. F. Donovan and V. Angelopoulos
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:106
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  5. We studied the space weather effects on the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) magnetic response using Tsyganenko models. For the physical parameters characterizing the SAA, the study considered the minimum magnetic...

    Authors: Kirolosse M. Girgis, Tohru Hada and Shuichi Matsukiyo
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:100
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  7. Being footprints of major magnetic storms and hence major solar eruptions, mid- to low-latitude aurorae have been one of the pathways to understand solar–terrestrial environments. However, it has been reported...

    Authors: Denny M. Oliveira, Hisashi Hayakawa, Ankush Bhaskar, Eftyhia Zesta and Geeta Vichare
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:82
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  8. Prompt penetration electric fields were detected during the intense geomagnetic storm on 22 June, 2015 by the HF Doppler sounders at middle and low latitudes; Prague (Czech Republic), Iitate, Oarai, Onna (Japa...

    Authors: Kumiko K. Hashimoto, Takashi Kikuchi, Ichiro Tomizawa, Keisuke Hosokawa, Jaroslav Chum, Dalia Buresova, Masahito Nose and Kiyokazu Koga
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:71
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  9. A possible driver of precipitation of magnetospheric energetic electrons in the high-latitude atmosphere is represented by electromagnetic ion-cyclotron (EMIC) magnetospheric waves. The precipitating particles...

    Authors: P. Francia, M. Regi, M. De Lauretis, M. Pezzopane, C. Cesaroni, L. Spogli and T. Raita
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:59
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  10. We report the propagation of substorm-associated magnetic fluctuations by multipoint magnetic observations from ground and space in the same meridional plane. The first Quasi-Zenith Satellite (QZS-1), which ha...

    Authors: Shun Imajo, Masahito Nosé, Mari Aida, Nana Higashio, Haruhisa Matsumoto, Koga Kiyokazu, Charles Smith, Robert J. MacDowall and Akimasa Yoshikawa
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:58
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  11. A technique for estimating a plasma drift velocity distribution in the ionosphere is presented. This technique is based on a framework for representing a global vector field on a sphere by using a set of local...

    Authors: S. Nakano, T. Hori, K. Seki and N. Nishitani
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:46
    Content type: Technical report Published on:

  12. Measurements of the electron density at the F region peak by the Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosonde (CADI) and the Resolute Incoherent Scatter Radar (RISR) are used to assess the quality of peak electron dens...

    Authors: Alexander V. Koustov, Sydney Ullrich, Pavlo V. Ponomarenko, Robert G. Gillies, David R. Themens and Nozomu Nishitani
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:43
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  14. Nonlinearities in space and astrophysical plasmas generate a set of magnetic filaments or bundles that have an incompressible sense of fluctuations and propagate highly obliquely to the mean magnetic field. Th...

    Authors: Horia Comişel, Yasuhito Narita and Uwe Motschmann
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:32
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  15. The refilling of the plasmasphere following geomagnetic storms remains one of the longstanding and interesting problems in ionosphere–magnetosphere coupling research. The objective of this paper is the formula...

    Authors: K. Chatterjee and R. W. Schunk
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:26
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  17. This paper proposes a new technique, namely Phase bias-based Small Grid Model (PSGM), to derive absolute ionospheric vertical total electron content (VTEC) with observations of Global Navigation Satellite Syst...

    Authors: Qi Li, Guanyi Ma, Takashi Maruyama, Jinghua Li, Qingtao Wan, Xiaolan Wang, Jiangtao Fan and Jie Zhang
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2020 72:14
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  18. Statistical analysis of spread F (SF), recorded at Puer (PUR, 22.7° N, 101.05° E, Dip Latitude 12.9° N) during 2015–2016, was carried out to reveal its characteristics at the northern equatorial ionization ano...

    Authors: Ting Lan, Chunhua Jiang, Guobin Yang, Yuannong Zhang, Jing Liu and Zhengyu Zhao
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:138
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  19. Observations by six Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) polar cap radars, three in the northern hemisphere and three in the southern hemispheres, are considered to assess F region echo occurrence rate...

    Authors: Alexander V. Koustov, Sydney Ullrich, Pavlo V. Ponomarenko, Nozomu Nishitani, Federica M. Marcucci and William A. Bristow
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:112
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  20. This paper presents how the magnetosphere–plasmasphere–ionosphere system was affected as a whole during the geomagnetic storm peaking on 27 May 2017. The interplanetary conditions, the magnetospheric response ...

    Authors: Michael Pezzopane, Afredo Del Corpo, Mirko Piersanti, Claudio Cesaroni, Alessio Pignalberi, Simone Di Matteo, Luca Spogli, Massimo Vellante and Balazs Heilig
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:77
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  21. Atmospheric loss and ion outflow play an important role in the magnetospheric dynamics and in the evolution of the atmosphere on geological timescales—an evolution which is also dependent on the solar activity...

    Authors: Audrey Schillings, Rikard Slapak, Hans Nilsson, Masatoshi Yamauchi, Iannis Dandouras and Lars-Göran Westerberg
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:70
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  22. We report a statistical study of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) during 2014–2017 in the low-latitude China region using the Hong Kong Continuously Operating Reference Stations network...

    Authors: Guanyi Chen, Chen Zhou, Yi Liu, Jiaqi Zhao, Qiong Tang, Xiang Wang and Zhengyu Zhao
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:52
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  23. Spread-F is known as the electron density inhomogeneous structures in F layer of ionosphere and can usually be classified as frequency spread-F (FSF) and range spread-F (RSF). Few studies have reported on the ...

    Authors: Ning Wang, Lixin Guo, Zonghua Ding, Zhenwei Zhao, Zhengwen Xu, Tong Xu and Yanli Hu
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:47
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  25. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) cause disturbances in the environment of the Earth when they arrive at the Earth. However, the prediction of the arrival of CMEs still remains a challenge. We have developed an in...

    Authors: Kazumasa Iwai, Daikou Shiota, Munetoshi Tokumaru, Ken’ichi Fujiki, Mitsue Den and Yûki Kubo
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:39
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  26. This study examines the influence of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) diurnal eastward 3 (DE3) and stationary planetary wave 4 (SPW4) which are the major ...

    Authors: Yang-Yi Sun, Huixin Liu, Yasunobu Miyoshi, Loren C. Chang and Libo Liu
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:35
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:45

  27. The St. Patrick’s Day phenomenon is a geomagnetic storm that deserves serious discussion because of its intensity and effectiveness. This study focuses on the St. Patrick’s Day storm on March 17, 2015, which i...

    Authors: Emre Eroglu
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:26
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  28. In order to statistically investigate the relationship between the low-latitude coronal holes (CHs), the solar wind speed, and the geomagnetic activity in solar cycles 23 (1996–2008) and 24 (2009–2016), we con...

    Authors: Yumi Nakagawa, Satoshi Nozawa and Atsuki Shinbori
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:24
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  29. Substorm-associated electron injection, starting on Apr. 5, 2017, was observed by the ERG (Arase), GOES-15 and GOES-13 spacecraft. ERG successfully observed a clear and sufficient extent of manifestations of t...

    Authors: Tzu-Fang Chang, Chio-Zong Cheng, Sunny Wing-Yee Tam, Chih-Yu Chiang, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Tomoaki Hori, Takefumi Mitani, Takeshi Takashima, Ayako Matsuoka, Mariko Teramoto and Iku Shinohara
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:18
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  31. Transient mesospheric echo in the VHF range was detected at an altitude of 65–70 km during the auroral breakup that occurred from 2220 to 2226 UT on June 30, 2017. During this event, the footprint of the Arase...

    Authors: Ryuho Kataoka, Takanori Nishiyama, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Akira Kadokura, Herbert Akihito Uchida, Yusuke Ebihara, Mitsumu K. Ejiri, Yoshihiro Tomikawa, Masaki Tsutsumi, Kaoru Sato, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Kazuo Shiokawa, Satoshi Kurita, Yoshiya Kasahara, Mitsunori Ozaki, Keisuke Hosokawa…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2019 71:9
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  32. Solar wind particles and ionospheric O+ ions influence the near-Earth plasma sheet and inner magnetospheric composition. We studied the behavior of H+, O+ and He+ ions (9–210 keV) for intense and moderate geomagn...

    Authors: Megha Pandya, Bhaskara Veenadhari, Masahito Nosé, Sandeep Kumar, Geoff D. Reeves and A. T. Y. Lui
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:203
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  33. Solar flares cause a rapid increase in ionization in the ionosphere owing to significant enhancement of ionizing solar radiation in the X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectral ranges. The change of electr...

    Authors: Jaroslav Chum, Jaroslav Urbář, Jan Laštovička, Miguel Angel Cabrera, Jann-Yenq Liu, Fernando Alberto Miranda Bonomi, Mariano Fagre, Jiří Fišer and Zbyšek Mošna
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:198
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  34. This work describes several important improvements made to the International Reference Ionosphere UPdate (IRI UP) method, and a careful validation of its performances under disturbed conditions. The IRI UP met...

    Authors: Alessio Pignalberi, Marco Pietrella, Michael Pezzopane and Rolando Rizzi
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:180
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  35. It has been known that the Alfvén velocity plays a significant role in generation and propagation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves. Until now, however, the global distribution of the Alfvén velocity in the m...

    Authors: Khan-Hyuk Kim, Gi-Jeong Kim and Hyuck-Jin Kwon
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:174
    Content type: Express Letter Published on:

  39. High-latitude, small-scale plasma density irregularities are observed by the Advanced Land Observation Satellite 2, Phase Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar-2 and the European Incoherent Scatter radar ...

    Authors: Hiroatsu Sato, Jun Su Kim, Norbert Jakowski and Ingemar Häggström
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:163
    Content type: Frontier letter Published on:

  40. The St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic storm on March 17, 2015, has been chosen by the space community for synergetic analysis to build a more comprehensive picture of the storm’s origin and evolution. This storm h...

    Authors: Olga V. Kozyreva, Vyacheslav A. Pilipenko, Vladimir B. Belakhovsky and Yaroslav A. Sakharov
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:157
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  42. Analysis of 163 isolated substorms showed that their intensity quantified as a maximum absolute value of the AL index increases with an increase in the velocity and number density of the solar wind plasma and ...

    Authors: Vyacheslav Georgievich Vorobjev, Elizaveta Evgenievna Antonova and Oksana Ivanovna Yagodkina
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:148
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  44. The extremely high-energy electron experiment (XEP) onboard the Arase (ERG) satellite is designed to measure high-energy electrons in the Earth’s radiation belts. The XEP was developed by taking advantage of o...

    Authors: Nana Higashio, Takeshi Takashima, Iku Shinohara and Haruhisa Matsumoto
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:134
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  45. We have analyzed the role of auroral processes in the formation of the outer radiation belt, considering that the main part of the auroral oval maps to the outer part of the ring current, instead of the plasma...

    Authors: Elizaveta E. Antonova, Marina V. Stepanova, Pablo S. Moya, Victor A. Pinto, Vadim V. Vovchenko, Ilya L. Ovchinnikov and Nikita V. Sotnikov
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:127
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  46. The global dynamics of substorms are controlled by several key magnetospheric parameters. In this work we obtain quantitative measures of these parameters from a low-order nonlinear model of the nightside magn...

    Authors: Edmund Spencer, Sai Krishna Vadepu, Pavithra Srinivas, Swadesh Patra and Wendell Horton
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:118
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  47. The exploration of energization and radiation in geospace (ERG) satellite, nicknamed “Arase,” is the second satellite in a series of small scientific satellites created by the Institute of Space and Astronauti...

    Authors: Yosuke Nakamura, Seisuke Fukuda, Yasuko Shibano, Hiroyuki Ogawa, Shin-ichiro Sakai, Shigehito Shimizu, Ersin Soken, Yu Miyazawa, Hiroyuki Toyota, Akio Kukita, Yusuke Maru, Junichi Nakatsuka, Tomohiko Sakai, Shinsuke Takeuchi, Kenichiro Maki, Makoto Mita…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:102
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  48. The Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG) project explores the acceleration, transport, and loss of relativistic electrons in the radiation belts and the dynamics for geospace storms. Thi...

    Authors: Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Iku Shinohara, Takeshi Takashima, Kazushi Asamura, Nana Higashio, Takefumi Mitani, Satoshi Kasahara, Shoichiro Yokota, Yoichi Kazama, Shiang-Yu Wang, Sunny W. Y. Tam, Paul T. P. Ho, Yoshiya Kasahara, Yasumasa Kasaba, Satoshi Yagitani, Ayako Matsuoka…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:101
    Content type: Full paper Published on:

  49. The Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG) Science Center serves as a hub of the ERG project, providing data files in a common format and developing the space physics environment data anal...

    Authors: Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Tomoaki Hori, Masafumi Shoji, Mariko Teramoto, T. F. Chang, Tomonori Segawa, Norio Umemura, Shoya Matsuda, Satoshi Kurita, Kunihiro Keika, Yukinaga Miyashita, Kanako Seki, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Nozomu Nishitani, Satoshi Kasahara, Shoichiro Yokota…
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:96
    Content type: Technical report Published on:

  50. A satellite placed in space is constantly affected by the space environment, resulting in various impacts from temporary faults to permanent failures depending on factors such as satellite orbit, solar and geo...

    Authors: Nizam Ahmad, Dhani Herdiwijaya, Thomas Djamaluddin, Hideyuki Usui and Yohei Miyake
    Citation: Earth, Planets and Space 2018 70:91
    Content type: Full paper Published on:
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