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This paper addresses concepts presented in Session 7 of the conference on “Slip and Flow Processes Near the Base of the Seismogenic Zone” held at Sendai, Japan in November, 2001. The questions raised in this s...
The Nojima fault in Hyogo prefecture, Japan, ruptured during the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake (MJMA = 7.3). The stress measurements at sites close to this fault have revealed that the direction of the largest ...
Laboratory-determined permeability and compressibility data for natural fault gouge samples from the Median Tectonic Line (MTL) are presented and used to estimate hydraulic diffusivities in fault gouge zones. ...
Recent studies of active Californian faults allow us to investigate the mechanisms of fluid flow and crack sealing along faults and to model fluid pressure evolution during earthquake cycles. The model is firs...
The aseismic parts of shear systems at mid-to deep crustal levels can localise the supply of deeply-sourced, high pressure fluids into the shallower level parts of these systems in the seismogenic regime. Even...
A new approach for revealing the brittle origin of C-surfaces as localized high shear strain zones in S-C mylonites (mylonites with C-surfaces cutting through a mylonitic S-foliation) is presented. A compiled wor...
Seismic images of deformation beneath South Island, New Zealand, are provided by a form of seismic exploration uniquely suited to the study of “continental islands”—double-sided, onshore-offshore seismic metho...
EM34 and SP surveys were used to delineate shallow structures associated with the mineral water springs in the Vilarelho da Raia area located NE Portugal. This spring is part of a set of CO2-rich mineral (hot and...
Wideband magnetotelluric (MT) observation data were obtained from 91 sites along six transects in the central part of the Japan Arc. Here, a quasi-3D georesistivity distribution, in addition to other geophysic...
Magnetotelluric (MT) soundings were carried out in the period range of 20 to 6000 s along profiles roughly orthogonal to the Campos do Jordão Railway (CJRW), in the Brazilian southeastern region. The profiles ...
In this article we analyze the sensitivity of a geoelectrical modeling technique to image 2D shallow structures. Firstly, we extend a previously developed 2D method based on Rayleigh-Fourier expansions, in ord...
Galvanic distortion of magnetotelluric (MT) data is a common problem in the study of the Earth’s electrical properties. These distortions are local, they affect independently each MT site, and where restricted...
The rotationally invariant phase sensitive skew parameter, an indicator of dimensionality of conductivity structure, is a complicated non-linear function of the impedance tensor elements. In the presence of no...
Usu volcano, one of the most active volcanoes in Japan, erupted at regular intervals of ca. 30 years during the 1900s. The 2000 eruption took place on March 31 following 23 years of dormancy. An increase in se...
Subsurface sounding of lunar highland region by Lunar Radar Sounder of SELENE project has been investigated based on a computer simulation technique which enables us to analyze sounder echo signals from a mode...
Lunar Radar Sounder (LRS) is a spaceborne HF radar system and is a science mission of Japanese lunar exploration project, SELENE, which is scheduled to be launched in 2005. The primary objective of LRS is to i...
We present a case study of substorm-time magnetic field perturbations in the high-altitude polar magnetosphere, corresponding to the polar lobe, using data from the POLAR spacecraft together with ground-based ...
The dependence of maximum variations of H-component negative bays at magnetic conjugate stations on a sign of the IMF B Y -component during the substorms of small and moderate in...
The inversion of electron density from total electron content (TEC) measurements of GPS radio occultation is investigated by means of simulated data from the International Reference Ionosphere IRI-2001 and obs...
The 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake (MJMA 7.3) occurred on January 17, 1995. To reveal the detailed stress field after the mainshock, we relocate hypocenters of aftershocks (M ≥ 2.3) and determine their focal mec...
Magnetospheric substorms frequently have oscillating auroral phenomena associated with them, and which may be related to field line resonances. In this paper we present an analysis of photometer data which dis...
In previous our papers (Sekiya and Ishitsu, 2000 and 2001), hydrodynamic stability of the dust layer in the solar nebula is investigated. However, these papers neglected the rotational effects, that is, the Co...
An imaging riometer (IRIS) was installed newly in the southern area of Brazil in order to investigate precipitation of energetic electrons into the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA). An unusual ionospheri...
Magnetotelluric data from 323 sites in the Western Canada Basin have provided impedance tensors from which invariants based on Mohr circle analysis are calculated. From thresholds determined from an initial ex...
Latest Miocene-Pleistocene synrift sediments at Ocean Drilling Program sites 1109, 1115, and 1118 (Leg 180), located on the hanging wall margin north of the Moresby fault in the Woodlark Basin, showed variatio...
The observation of seafloor crustal deformation is very important to understand plate motions, nucleation processes and mechanisms of great interplate earthquakes as well as the activities of submarine volcano...
A multiple Pi2 event was observed in the midnight sector at the low-latitude ground magnetometer station. Meanwhile, particle fluxes in the midnight sector were measured during the multiple Pi2 event by the AM...
The degree of damage to wooden houses in the vicinity of the source area of the 2000 Western Tottori Earthquake was very low compared to the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu Earthquake. Shimoenoki in Hino Town, however, s...
The b-value of the frequency-magnitude distribution and the parameters in the modified Omori law, describing the decay rate of aftershock activity, are investigated for more than 4000 aftershocks identified in th...
Swarm-like seismic activity including six moderate events (Mj = 5.1–5.4) occurred in 1989, 1990 and 1997 in the same area as the 2000 Western Tottori Earthquake (Mj = 7.3). For each time period, we carried out...
On October 6, 2000, the 2000 Western Tottori Earthquake (Mjma 7.3) occurred in the western Tottori prefecture area, southwestern Japan. It initiated at a depth of 12 km at the bottom of the seismogenic zone, w...
We have developed a method for three-dimensional simultaneous velocity and density inversion using traveltimes of local earthquakes and gravity data. The purpose of this method is to constrain the velocity inv...
We report a paleomagnetic secular variation in the Society Islands, French Polynesia for the past 5 Ma. Paleomagnetic measurements were performed on volcanic rocks applying thermal and alternating field demagn...
Gravity investigations do have certain known limitations, the two most prominent perhaps being deep resolution and the non-uniqueness of the solution. We utilized the principle of the physical geometry a two-d...
We found a new class of solutions for MHD equations that satisfies the condition that cylindrical flux ropes can expand self-similarly even when the polytropic index γ is larger than 1. We achieved this by inc...
We carried out a statistical analysis of Pi2 pulsations using the geomagnetic field data obtained at three ground stations. A local time dependence of the dominant frequency of Pi2 was found on the nightside. ...
The resonant ultrasound spectroscopy enables us to measure elastic constants of various materials with high accuracy. One of its curious features is resonance frequency shift caused by modulation of clamp forc...
The high-degree Gauss coefficients (n ≥ 7) in the IGRF models for 1945–1955 exhibit some unusual and unreliable behaviors in comparison with the models for other epochs. In this paper the method of Natural Orthog...
In this study, a volcanic ash tracking model called “PUFF” is applied to the actual eruption of Usu volcano on 31 March 2000 in order to infer the movement of airborne ash clouds for aviation safety. The PUFF ...
The characteristics of geometry of slabs and the intraslab stress field in the Nankai subduction zone, Japan, were analyzed based on highly accurate hypocentral data and focal mechanism solutions. The results ...
The radially dependent mean free path of solar energetic particles was calculated by considering the radially dependent magnetic field fluctuation, its correlation length and the variation of magnetic field st...
To solve for the induced electromagnetic fields in a conductive medium the quasi-static Maxwell’s equations may be reduced to a second order elliptic system, formulated in terms of either the electric or magne...
We study two important aspects of the waveform moment tensor inversion for the shallow earthquakes in the subduction region: the effect of the intense lateral inhomogeneity in the structure, and the strategy t...
The possible existence of a positron radiation belt in the inner magnetosphere of the Earth, its space location, flux, energy distribution and the ratio of e+/e− fluxes is considered. The source of the positrons/...
Four years of auroral latitude radar echo signal fading time data from the Tromsø MF radar compared with geomagnetic and solar indices yield strong evidence to suggest, although not prove, that upper mesospher...
The EISCAT VHF radar (224 MHz) and the EISCAT dynasonde (1–10 MHz) were operated simultaneously during a Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes (PMSE) event on 22 June 1994. We investigate the echo characteristics rev...
We present a magnetostratigraphic record from the western Philippine Sea that is tied to a marine δ18O record for the past 2.14 million years. The ages of geomagnetic reversals were astronomically calibrated by t...
A time-term method is a simple travel time inversion for seismic refraction crustal studies. Although this method is based on simple travel time calculation, it is robust in determining a basement velocity und...
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