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We have built an X-ray ultraviolet (XUV) scanner on board Mars orbiter NOZOMI (Planet-B). This scanner has the He I and II emissions from the Martian atmosphere and ionosphere as its main target. These EUV emi...
The ionosphere of Mars is expected to be significantly affected by the solar wind because Mars does not possess a significant intrinsic magnetic field which deflects the solar wind. Despite a number of plasma ...
The GEOTAIL satellite observed an interesting oscillation phenomenon of low energy plasma (LEP) in the dawnside outer magnetosphere. The oscillation was taking place with a frequency double that of the transve...
The Polar Patrol Balloon No. 6 (PPB#6) observed quasi-periodic pulsations of bremsstrahlung X-rays (E 30∼120 keV) in the daytime of 0855 UT (0914 MLT) ∼ 1630 UT (1614 MLT) on January 5, 1993, near Syowa Station, ...
We investigated statistical characteristics of dayside Pi 2 pulsations observed at Mineyama (25.5° geomagnetic latitude) from November 1994 through June 1996, using an algorithm to detect Pi 2 pulsations which...
Perturbed periods characterized by the AA* index compiled from 1868 to 1992 are considered. Our analysis of the geomagnetic activity is done by considering the even-odd effect, that was observed in the maximum so...
This paper deals with the precision geoid determination by a gravimetric solution in and around the Korean peninsula. A number of data files were compiled for this work, containing now more than 69,900 point g...
We carried out both absolute and relative gravity measurements in the Izu Peninsula just before and after the March 1997 earthquake swarm occurred. The measurements revealed significant absolute gravity change...
According to the theory of plate tectonics proposed in the late 1960’s, the Earth’s surface is covered by about ten rigid plates, which are generated at mid-oceanic ridges, move to oceanic trenches, and there ...
We revisited the resolving power of viscosity inversion in terms of geoid misfit in a 2-D Cartesian geometry under the assumption that the mantle viscosity is laterally stratified. Firstly, we considered a sim...
Recent seismological evidences imply that the boundary between the lithosphere and asthenosphere is a compositional boundary in the oceanic upper mantle, and a rapid increase of viscosity at this boundary is s...
Recent geophysical evidence from seismology, mineral physics, viscosity inversion shows that the mantle between 400 and 1000 km is extremely complicated, with intermediate scale structures present regionally a...
Latent heat release by equilibrium mineralogical transformations in an adiabatically subducting slab reversibly perturbs temperatures and pressures so as to conserve entropy. However, latent heats of metastabl...
Physical mechanisms of seismic anisotropy in the D” layer are examined based on seismological and mineral physics observations. The results of body-wave seismology on the fine structure of the D” layer and of ...
Proposals that the seismic structure of the Earth’s inner core is time-dependent are investigated using the splitting functions of free oscillations, determined from seismic data recorded over some 20 years. It i...
Seismic tomography using S wave travel times faces the difficulty imposed by the interference between S and SKS phases near 83° epicentral distance, as the SKS phase overtakes the S waves in the mantle. If the...
A technique for detecting intermediate-period (6–12 s) Sd P phases converted from S to P at a depth d in the source region is described. Previously, these phases were detected in short-period array recordings of ...
Along the Kamchatka-Kuril-Japan-Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction zones, the old age of the subducting Pacific Plate and the rapid subduction rate together suggest that earthquakes should occur to the bottom of the...
Broadband seismic waveform data are stacked to investigate the mantle discontinuities beneath a station. A polarized filter is devised to remove pseudo-signals in the stacked traces, which might be otherwise m...
Recent P wave travel-time tomographic studies using data from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalog determine a large-scale subhorizontal high velocity anomaly in the northwestern Pacific subduc...
The three-dimensional shear wave velocity structure in the upper mantle beneath the Philippine Sea was investigated with Rayleigh wave phase velocities in the periods 30–100 s. More than 900 Rayleigh wave phas...
We describe the scientific purposes and experimental set-up of an international deployment of a 3 component broadband seismometer package on the ocean floor in Monterey Bay which took place during the summer o...
In order to better understand earthquake generation, tectonics at plate boundaries, and better image the Earth’s deep structures, real-time geophysical measurements in the ocean are required. We therefore atte...
We have developed systems for measuring differential displacements across a fault zone, and examined their resolutions through seafloor experiments at relatively short baselines. A system for a seafloor extens...
A new type of SeaFloor ElectroMagnetic Station (SFEMS) has been newly developed by adding a magnetotelluric (MT) variograph to its prototype built previously (Toh and Hamano, 1997). New SFEMS is able to conduc...
Imanishi (this issue) commented that (1) the noise level at Matsushiro, Japan (MA) is much lower than at Syowa Station, Antarctica (SY), (2) oscillation signals are not observed at MA, and therefore (3) peaks ...
The report of Nawa et al. (1998) that incessant excitation of the Earth’s free oscillations was discovered in the low frequency spectra of the superconducting gravimeter at the Syowa station in Antarctica is reex...
Recent three-dimensional simulations of the Martian plasma and magnetic field environment found some unique effects—a strong asymmetry of the bow shock and the magnetic field draping, asymmetry of plasma inflo...
Large number of high dispersion whistlers recorded at low latitude station Varanasi (L = 1.07) are analysed and it is find out that they have propagated along L≃ 2.12–2.76. This is explained by considering the pr...
To study the ring current structure in the inner magnetosphere, we have statistically examined the magnetic field data acquired by ETS-VI (the Engineering Test Satellite-VI). During a magnetic storm, the Dst inde...
The micropulsation data (Pc3–Pc4 range) from off-equatorial and equatorial stations Alibag (ABG) and Tirunelvelli (TIR) in the Indian zone during 1991 are analysed for delineating the electrojet effect. The ra...
Recurrent geomagnetic disturbances are an important part of geomagnetic activities, which are associated with the neutral sheet structure in the heliosphere and the activities of long lived solar coronal holes...
The theory of equatorial electrojet predicts the presence of vertical ion currents (Pedersen currents) as a part of the electrojet current system. The vertical ion current density profile over the dip equator,...
A short review is given of the contemporary concepts and controversies concerning the electromagnetic effects observed in space which are considered to be the results of energy transport from surface and/or lo...
Fluid flow in the core is assumed to consist of a slowly varying (on time scales > magnetic diffusion time) part and a smaller, rapidly varying part as in the theory of the hydromagnetic dynamo put forward by ...
Co-seismic horizontal displacements, which have been obtained from recently released GPS observations on the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge, are examined for their consistency with displacements observed in the vicinity...
The characteristic scale of the Martian magnetosheath is less than the pick-up gyroradius of oxygen ions. This leads to admissible differential motion of protons and heavies and a strong coupling between both ...
The Planet-B neutral gas mass spectrometer is designed for in-situ measurements of the gas composition in the upper atmosphere of Mars. The sensor uses a dual frequency quadrupole mass analyzer with a mass ran...
Wavelet analysis is suitable for investigating waves, such as Pi 2 pulsations, which are limited in both time and frequency. We have developed an algorithm to detect Pi 2 pulsations by wavelet analysis. We tes...
Characteristics of geomagnetic sudden commencement (SC) observed in middle and low latitudes are discussed on the basis of data analyses of magnetic variations and a numerical calculation. From the data analys...
The Erratum to this article has been published in Earth, Planets and Space 2014 51:Art11
Two rocket experiments were carried out just before and after the polar night at Andoya (69°N), Norway to investigate transport of nitric oxide produced by auroral processes into the middle atmosphere and its ...
Chamosite-hematite type oolitic ironstone is distributed in the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary zone of the Hazara area, Lesser Himalayan thrust zone, in the northwestern margin of the Indo-Pakistani subcon...
Spherical harmonic models of the 1969, 1979 and 1992 geomagnetic jerks are computed using data from about 160 worldwide geomagnetic observatories. The dominance of the internal origin part with respect to the ...
A precise geodetic measurement network using three modern space geodetic techniques, i.e. Very Long Baseline Interferometry, Satellite Laser Ranging, and Global Positioning System, is being established around ...
Long-period electromagnetic response must be estimated to derive information on the electrical conductivity distribution within the deep mantle of the Earth. For this, we estimated the electromagnetic response...
The Danish satellite Ørsted is due to be launched in 1998, and should provide, for the first time since the Magsat mission (1979–1980), a dense and global coverage of the Earth’s surface with vector measuremen...
Accuracy of the Primary Precise Geodetic Network (PPGN) established during the period of 1975–1994 in Korea is investigated through an analysis of residual from free network adjustment. The PPGN, composed of 1...
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